export_pol pots cambodia

Question 1

Saloth Sar/ Pol Pot

Answer 1

General Secretary (highest official) in the party

Question 2

Prince Norodom Sihanouk

Answer 2

effective ruler of Cambodia 1953 (attained independence)- 1970

Question 3

Cambodian Communist party

Answer 3

3 leaders established CCP to assert independence from Vietnamese communists with almost no societal support

Question 4

Khmer Rouge

Answer 4

another name for the communist party

Question 5

General Lon Noi

Answer 5

1970: overthrew Sihanouk and established weak military dictatorship; wants US support; corrupt

Question 6

Phnom Penh

Answer 6

capital of Cambodia fell on 4/17/75 to Khmer Rouge

Question 7

Goals of Pol Pot’s Regime

Answer 7

egalitarianism, prosperity, and autarky

i.e. “equality”, “thriving” and “being self-sufficient”

Question 8

Goals of Khmer Rouge after they came to power in April 1975

Answer 8

Egalitarian
Prosperity

Autarkic communism

Time frame: ASAP

Question 9

Santebel

Answer 9

Special Branch (security police) used to combat counterrevolution

Question 10

Tuol Sleng Prison aka S21

Answer 10

Death prison, less than 1% came out alive, run by 13-16 yr old peasant boys

Question 11

Phases of Regime

Answer 11

1. Forced evacuation of cities
2. Collectivization and works projects
3. Rituals of life: Regimentation, indoctrination, deindividuation
4. Repression
5. Class enemies: Lon Noi supporters and Muslim Cham
6. Radicalization of class and social origins (ethnic Vietnamese targeted)
7. Peasant resistance and mass famines

Question 12

Leaders of Khmer Rouge

Answer 12

from relatively privileged middle class families, went to lycees for education in France where they came in contact with French Communist Party and joined the authoritarian/top down organization

Question 13

Influence of French COmmunist Party on Khmer Rouge leaders

Answer 13

Absorbed idea of great revolutions that overcame corrupt regimes
Laid foundation of national identity

Marxism/Leninism: fashionable among French working class

Myth about colonized ppl: romanticized about pure/undeveloped Khmer as great civilization with ability to flourish and believed it can be achieved again

Question 14

Mechanisms of Khmer Rouge

Answer 14

1. destruction of preexisting class society: forcibly evacuate the cities
2. refashioning individuals (base v new)
3. collectivization of all aspects of life
4. degree of secrecy in campaign (no one knows who Pol Pot was at first)
5. emphasis on immense acts of will
6. refashion people: forced to write autobiography to see if they are infected by capitalist thinking

Question 15

Conclusion of Cambodia

Answer 15

Death toll: 1-2 million
Minority groups: 36% of Muslim Cham, 50% of Chinese, 100% of Vietnamese perished

Khmer: 20-30% perished

Tribunal= show trial not seen as legitimate= 1st trial for genocide (made law month before trial so not legit)