exploratory laparotomy Flashcards

1
Q

what is an exploratory laparotomy (coeliotomy)?

A

a laparotomy perfomed with the objective of obtaining information that is not avalible via clinical diagnostic methods

once the underlying pathology has been determined the procedure may continue as a theraputic procedure

if no underlying patholgoy can be found then **organ biopsy **should be performed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does the duodenal-colic ligament do in relation to examination of the intestine?

A

prevents exterization of the last portion of the duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the 5 regions that the abdomen can be dived into for the purpose of exploration?

A
  • cranial abdomen
  • gastrointestinal tract
  • right paravertebral region
  • left paravertebral region
  • caudal abdomen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

when examining the greater peritioneal cavity what organ/tissue are you assesing?

A

peritoneal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when examining the greater peritioneal cavity what specific manoeuvers can you do to aid examination?

A

-excision of falciform ligament
examination of right and left paravertebral ‘gutters’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when examining the cranial abdomen what organs/tissues are you assesing?

A
  • liver
  • gallbladder and bile ducts
  • hepatic hilus (portal vein, hepatic artery, caudal vena cava)
  • epiploic foramen
  • spleen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when examining the cranial abdomen what specific manoeuvers can you do to aid examination?

A
  • tiliting surgical table and transection of the triangular ligaments will facilitate exam of diagphragmatic surface of liver. palpate parenchyma caudal retraction of the stomach
  • duodenal manoeuvre
  • exteriorization of spleen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when examining the gastrointestinal tract what organs/tissues are you assesing?

A

stomach
intestinal tract
pancrease
regional lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when examining the gastrointestinal tract what specific manoeuvers can you do to aid examination?

A

exteriorization of intestinal tract
exteriorization of spleen facilitates exam of left limb of pancrease
right limb of pancrease may be examed when assesing descending duodenum. palpate parenchyma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when examining the right paravertebral region what organs/tissues are you assesing?

A
  • hepatic portal vein
  • caudal vena cava
  • coeliac artery
  • hepatic lymph nodes
  • right adrenal glands
  • right kidney and proximal ureter
  • right ovary and uterine horn
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when examining the right paravertebral region what specific manoeuvers can you do to aid examination?

A

duodenal manoeuvre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when examining the left paravertebral region what organs/tissues are you assesing?

A
  • aorta
  • left adrenal gland
  • left kidney adn proximal ureter
  • left ovary and uterine horn
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when examining the left paravertebral region what specific manoeuvers can you do to aid examination?

A

colonic manoeuvre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

when examining the caudal abdomen what organs/tissues are you assesing?

A
  • blader and distal ureters
  • proximal urethra
  • prostate gland and ductus deferens
  • uterine body and proximal vagina
  • regional lymph nodes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when examining the caudal abdomen what specific manoeuvers can you do to aid examination?

A
  • cranial traction of the small intestine
  • caudal reflection of the bladder
  • cranial traction of the bladder
  • cranial traction on bladder or traction on ductus deferens in neutred males
  • caudal reflection of bladder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when examining the abdominal wall, peritoneal surface and mesenteries what organs/tissues are you assesing?

A
  • diaphragm
  • oesophageal hiatus
  • aortic nad caval hiatus
  • greater and lesser omentum
  • internal inguinal ring
17
Q

when examining the abdominal wall, peritoneal surface and mesenteries what specific manoeuvers can you do to aid examination?

A
  • tilting the surgical table and caudal reetraction of liver loabs will facilitate exam of the visceral surface of the diaphragm
  • caudal retration of the stomach
  • caudal retraction of the liver lobes and sectioning the triangular ligaments
  • caudal retractinoof the stomach (lesser omentum) and exteriorization (greater omentum)
18
Q

how do you differentiate the duodenum from the jejunum?

A

the jejunum is the intestine after the duodenal-colic ligament

19
Q

what part of the intestine has an unusual blood suply and what is this supply called?

A

ileum - antimesenteric ileal branch of ileo-colic artery

20
Q

how is the spleen attached to the stomach?

A

the spleen is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach by ther gastro-splenic ligament

21
Q

what is the colonic manuover?

A

pulling the descendign colon to the right utilising the mesocolon (mesentery) to view the left kidney

22
Q

where is the left adreal gland found?

A

cranial to the left kidney sat under the left phreno-abdominal vein

23
Q
A