1.2 Explain the characteristics of network topologies and network types. Flashcards
What is a Mesh network topology?
Each node is interconnected with every other node, providing high redundancy and reliability
What is a Star/hub-and-spoke network topology?
Connects all devices to a central hub or switch.
It is easy to manage and troubleshoot but relies on the central hub’s functionality.
What is a Bus network topology?
Connects all devices along a single cable, known as a bus.
Data sent by one device is available to all devices, but if the bus fails, the network is disrupted.
What is a Ring network topology?
Connects devices in a circular sequence.
Each device has exactly two neighbors for communication purposes.
Data travels in one or both directions around the ring.
Often used in MAN and WANs
What is a Hybrid network topology?
Combines two or more different types of topologies,
such as star and mesh, to form a more complex network structure
What is a Peer-to-peer network?
Allows each device to act as both a client and a server.
It is decentralized and each device shares resources directly with others.
What is a Client-server network?
Has centralized servers that provide resources and services to client devices.
Clients request resources, and servers respond to those requests.
What is a Local Area Network (LAN)?
Covers a small geographic area, like a single building or campus, providing high-speed connectivity within that area.
What is a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)?
Spans a larger geographic area than a LAN,
such:
city
large campus
What is a Wide Area Network (WAN)?
Spans a large geographic area, often a country or continent,
Connects multiple LANs and MANs.
What is a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)?
802.11
Uses wireless communication technologies,
such as:
Wi-Fi
Limited distance
What is a Personal Area Network (PAN)?
Small network used for connecting devices in an individual’s workspace, typically within a range of a few meters.
Bluetooth
What is a Campus Area Network (CAN)?
Connects multiple LANs within a limited geographic area,
university campus corporate campus
What is a Storage Area Network (SAN)?
Provides access to consolidated block-level storage, enhancing performance and accessibility of storage resources.
What is a Software-defined Wide Area Network (SDWAN)?
Uses software to manage and control network resources and services across a WAN, optimizing performance and reducing costs.
No central point
Example: Cloud
What is Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)?
Directs data from one network node to the next based on short path labels rather than long network addresses
Easy routing
What is Multipoint Generic Routing Encapsulation (mGRE)?
Remote sites can communicate with each other using a tunnel.
Dynamic Mesh
What is a demarcation point?
is the physical point where the public network of a telecommunications company ends
the private network of a customer begins.
What is a smartjack?
Device that provides diagnostics to troubleshoot and monitor the performance of a telecommunications line.
What is a virtual switch (vSwitch)?
Is a software-based switch that allows virtual machines (VMs) to communicate with each other and with physical network devices.
What is a virtual network interface card (vNIC)?
Is a virtualized version of a physical network interface card, providing network connectivity to virtual machines.
What is Network Function Virtualization (NFV)?
Replaces physical network devices with virtual versions
What is a hypervisor?
Is software that creates and runs virtual machines (VMs) by abstracting hardware resources.
What is AD HOC network?
Devices connected directly to each other.
Advantages of a mesh topologies?
Able to self heal
Many devices can connect to each other
High Fault Tolerance
Advantages of Peer to Peer?
Easy to deploy
Low Cost
Disadvantages of Peer to Peer?
Difficult to administer
Difficult to secure
Advantages of Client-server network?
Better Performance
Easier Administration
Disadvantages of Client-server network?
High Cost
Complex to setup
What is a NAS?
Connects shared stored devices across a network.
File level access
What are the Advantages of NFV?
Easy to deploy
Easy to manage from an Hypervisor
When to use Satellite networks?
When you have a remote site that is difficult to access.
What are some cons of Satellite?
High Latency
High Cost
High frequencies that can be absorbed by rain- 2GHZ
250 ms up
250 ms down
Pros of Copper
Easy to install
Cheap
What devices commonly use Copper cables?
Cable modem
DSL
Cons of Copper?
Limited bandwidth
What uses DSL?
Telephone Lines
What is Cable Broadband?
Transmit multiple frequencies across
Tell me about Fiber?
High speed
Higher cost
Great for long distance
Difficult to repair
