Experiments: Name and Study Flashcards
Hay (2014) took a deductive approach and took seven well-known theories of secularization and deduced specific hypotheses from each one. What was one theory and hypothesis?
theory: deprivation compensation theory that says existential security shields us from the traumas that draw people toward religion
hypothesis: people who have experienced real tragedy in their lives are more likely to be religious
Bikos conducted an inductive study through in-depth interviews with police officers. What was her goal?
not to test a pre-existing theory. Through her interviews, she concluded that a crucial factor that perpetuates the toxic work environment is the lack of protection for officers.
Foster (1995) conducted an ethnographic research using participant observation and semi-structured interviews in east london (called riverside) where there are high crime rates. What did she find? Is this interpretivism or positivism?
found that residents did not perceive the estate to be a high-crime area and felt safe because of social control like police.
Interpretivism
Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) Classical Experimental Design, tried to determine what effect teachers’ expectations had on their students’ academic performance.
control group (defeat rival explanations), treatment group, pre-test, post-test, random assignment, independent variable: teacher’s expectancies, dependent variable: IQ
Milgram’s (1963) famous experiment was to test what, but what was a key issue?
to test obedience to see how far someone would go in obeying an authority figure’s commands. The use of deception was unethical and there was no proper debriefing which caused harm to some participants.
