Experiments: Experimental Designs Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 3 types of experimental design
A
- Repeated measures
- independent measures
- matched pairs
2
Q
What is a Repeated measures design
A
- All participants receive all levels of the IV (all take part in the all conditions)
- We compare the performance (DV) of the participant on the 2 tests
3
Q
What are the disadvantages of Repeated measures design
A
- order of conditions might effect performance (order effects) e.g. boredom effect
- when doing it for a 2nd time, they might try and guess the purpose of the experiment, which may affect their behaviour. E.g. participant does worse 2nd time to show something doesn’t improve
4
Q
What is an independent groups design
A
- Different participants take part in each condition (level of IV)
- group A = IV1 and group B = IV2
- we then compare the performance (DV) of the 2 groups
5
Q
What is matched pairs design
A
- pairs of participants are matched on key characteristics, then one of each pair takes part in each condition
6
Q
What are the disadvantage of independent groups design
A
- researcher can’t control effects of participant variables
- required more participants than repeated measures design, yet produces same amount of data
7
Q
What is the disadvantages of matched pairs design
A
- time consuming and difficult to match participants on key variables
- not possible to control all participant variables because you can only match in variables know to be relevant
8
Q
What methods would you use to combat the disadvantages in a repeated measures design
A
- counterbalancing (each condition is tested 1st or 2nd in equal amounts)
- use a cover story to keep participants away from guessing the aims of the study
9
Q
What methods would you use to combat the disadvantages in an independent groups design
A
- randomly allocate participants to conditions which (theoretically) distribute participant variables evenly
- random allocation through random number generators
10
Q
What methods would you use to combat the disadvantages in a Matched pairs design
A
- restrict the number of variables;s to match on to make it easier
- Conduct a pilot study to consider key variables that might be important when matching
