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Psychology - Research Methods Y1 > Experiments > Flashcards

Experiments Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a lab experiment?

A

an experiment carried out in a controlled environment

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2
Q

What are the advantages to a lab experiment?

A
  • high levels of control
  • ability to replicate the study
  • manipulation of IV indicates cause and effect
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3
Q

What are the disadvantages to a lab experiment?

A
  • lacks ecological validity
  • results more likely to be biased by sampling
  • demand characteristics
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4
Q

What is a field experiment?

A

an experiment carried out in a natural setting

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5
Q

What are the advantages to a field experiment?

A
  • high in ecological validity
  • natural, less bias from sampling
  • no demand characteristics
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6
Q

What are the disadvantages to a field experiment?

A
  • low amounts of control
  • more biased from extraneous variables
  • difficult to replicate
  • ethical issues
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7
Q

What is a natural experiment?

A

an experiment where the researcher does not manipulate the IV.

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8
Q

What are the advantages to a natural experiment?

A
  • greater ecological validity (IV isn’t changed directly)
  • little bias from sampling
  • no demand characteristics
  • can study ‘real’ problems
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9
Q

What are the disadvantages to a natural experiment?

A
  • no randomly allocation

- event is a ‘one-off’, reducing opportunity for research

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10
Q

What is a Quasi experiment?

A

an experiment where the IV is based on a pre-existing difference between people (i.e. age or gender). Nobody has manipulated this IV, it simply exists

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11
Q

What are the advantages to a Quasi experiment?

A
  • high amounts of control

- comparisons can be made between people

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12
Q

What are the disadvantages to a Quasi experiment?

A
  • no random allocation as IV pre-exists
  • casual relationships not demonstrated, we cannot say for certain that a change in the DV was due to the IV
  • ethical issues
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13
Q

What are the 2 types of demand characteristics?

A

‘Screw you’ effect

‘Social desire-ability’ effect

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14
Q

What are some ethical problems?

A

Consent

Deception

Confidentiality

Protection from harm

Withdrawal

Debriefing

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15
Q

What are the types of consent?

A

Retrospective - doing the research before, then asking if they would like their data withdrawn

Presumptive - asking a group of similar people about how they would feel about taking part in that research

Informed - written, recorded or verbal consent from participant

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Psychology - Research Methods Y1 (11 decks)

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