EXPERIMENT #1 AND 2 Flashcards
An essential tool in studying of microorganisms, cells and tissues
Microscope
An instrument used to contain reagents as well as parasites for analytical identification
Glasswares
QUALITY CONTROL:
True or False for Binocular Microscope
Inspect the microscope before and after use
True
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using the binocular microscope, we should clean the objectives ______________ of using the microscope with _____________ only
After each day
Cleaning tissue
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using the binocular microscope, we should never use ________, _________, __________, ________________, ______________ or ___________ since it can cause damage or scratch to the lens surfaces
Alcohol, ordinary tissues, cleaning paper, toilet paper, cotton wool or hand towels
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using the binocular microscope, we should store the microscope in a _____ condition to prevent ____________________ on the glass surface
Dry condition
Fungal growth
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using the binocular microscope, in realigning the optics, replacement of lens and maintenance and lubrication of the stage should be performed by whom?
Qualified Service Technician
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using the Clinical centrifuge, the external part of the centrifuge should _________ clean with ________ agents in order to prevent residual contamination
Regularly clean
Neutral agents
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using the Clinical centrifuge, we should always check the rotor and lid for scratches, dust, or spilled sample _________ and _________ use.
Before and after use
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using the Glass slides and coverslips, the specimen side of the glass slide should be kept ___________ or _____
Horizontal or flat
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using the Glass slides and coverslips, glass slides should always be stored in a _____________ designed for its purpose, away from ______ and _________ light
Container
Heat
Bright light
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using the Glass slides and coverslips, the suitable place in storing the glass slide is a
Cool, dark place such as locked cabinet in a temperature controlled room
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using the Glass slides and coverslips, in cleaning the contaminated slides we should use
Soapy water or Isopropyl alcohol
QUALITY CONTROL:
True or False for Glass slides and coverslips, Slides should not be immersed or soaked in water as it loosens the glue on the cover glass
True
QUALITY CONTROL:
For Centrifuge tubes, it is considered as the primary source of sample leakage protection and must be lubricated before or after installing a new motor
O-rings
QUALITY CONTROL:
For Centrifuge tubes, in using o-rings ensure the optimal performance and to prevent cross-threading and corrosion, threaded components should be cleaned and oiled on a __________
Daily basis
QUALITY CONTROL:
True or False for Centrifuge tubes, the tubes are compatible with the fluids used, size compatible with rotor, and the mass of the opposing tubes to be centrifuged are balanced
True
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using Plain Test Tubes, check the ______ of the test tube for any dents ______ and ______ use
Edges
Before and After use
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using Plain Test Tubes, soak the test tube with what solution?
Detergent solution
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using Plain Test Tubes, wash the glassware with _________________ by using a _________ brush
Running tap water
Nylon Brush
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using Plain Test Tubes, place it in a test tube rack with their mouth facing _____________
Downwards
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using Beakers, always check the beaker for any breakage _______ and _______ using
Before and after use
QUALITY CONTROL:
In using Beakers, we should store them in a ________ to protect from __________. We can also make use of _____
Cabinet
Dust
Cotton
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
This holds the eyepiece and objective lenses
Microscope Head
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
It is allowed to be adjusted for the height and comfort of the user
Microscope Head
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
It connects the eyepiece to the objective lense and holds them in place
Binocular Tube
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Connects the head to the base and holds it in place that provides a stable and secure support for the head of the microscope
Arm
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
It is used as a lense that the user look through and views the sample
Eyepiece
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Closest to the sample and are used to magnify the image. Allows the user to see small details and structure that would be visible to the naked eye
Objective Lenses
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Holds the objective lenses and allows them to be rotated
Nosepiece
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Provides a light source for illuminating the sample
Illuminator
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
A platform on which the sample is placed
Stage
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
It is a small opening or hole that is used to control the amount of light that passes through the microscope to optimize the image quality and minimize glare or reflections
Aperture
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
It is used for focusing the light onto the sample
Condenser
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Used to control the amount of light that passes through the microscope
Diagphragm
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Used for adjusting the distance between objective lenses and sample
Focus mechanism
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Used to hold the sample and move into position for viewing
Mechanical Stage
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Small device that used to hold the sample securely in place
Stage clips
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Sits on the surface and supports the rest of the microscope
Base
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
A switch that turns the illuminator on and off
On / Off switch
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
It is used to control the movement mechanism stage
Stage controller
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
A lever that is used to fine-tune the focus of the microscope
Fine adjustment
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Allows the user to make a small, precise adjustments to the focus of the microscope, necessary for producing clear and detailed image
Fine adjustment
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
It is used to focus the microscope by moving the objective lenses relative to the sample
Coarse Adjustment Knob
PARTS OF THE BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE:
Controls on how far the stages should go preventing the objective lenses from getting too close to the specimen slide which may damage the specimen
Rack stops
A residual mass of material remaining in the intestinal tract after the full and complete exercise of the digestive and absorptive functions and are ultimately expelled from the body
through the rectum.
Feces
The semi-fluid intestinal contents at the ________________ are transformed into feces in the _________________ where the residues remain for one or more days
Duodenal valve
Large Intestines
PROPER COLLECTION OF STOOL:
Stool containers should be __________ (to avoid
contamination) , _________, ____________ (for easy
collection ) and preferably __________ (for physical
examination . It should be free from ________, _______ and ________
Covered
Clean
Wide-mouthed
Colorless
Free from water, urine, and soil
PROPER COLLECTION OF STOOL: TIME
1. Submit the specimen ____________ to the laboratory and see to it that it is completely and properly labeled.
2. Stool examination falls under _______________________________in a hospital set-up and thus may not be given priority since there are other specimens to be examined.
- Immediately
- Clinical Microscopy
PROPER COLLECTION OF STOOL: Diagnosis of amoebiasis
- DIARRHEIC OR WATERY STOOLS must be examined within (a) _________ since (b)________ die within
period of time. This (c) ____________________ is sensitive to environmental
changes - FORMED: ________ up to _______ but we
should make sure that it is preserved and
refrigerated
1.(a) 30 minutes, (b) & (c) Trophozoites
2. 1 hour to 24 hours
PROPER COLLECTION OF STOOL: Preservatives used are
- Refrigerate 4-8 degree Celsius for 2-3 daysit should
not put the stool in the freezer because the
trophozoites will die and the structures of the eggs will
be destroyed.
10%formalin solution
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).
PROPER COLLECTION OF STOOL: Preservatives used are
10%formalin solution
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).
PROPER COLLECTION OF STOOL: TIME
Refrigerate ______________________ for ____________ it should not put the stool in the freezer because the
_________ will die and the structures of the eggs will be destroyed.
4-8 degree Celsius
2-3 days
trophozoites
PROPER COLLECTION OF STOOL: AMOUNT
For routine stool examination,
1. ________ of formed stools (______ / _____ size)
2. ________ of watery stools will suffice
3. Used for the Recovery helminthic adult. This is best exemplified by the examination done
after ________ treatment.
- 2-5 g, walnut / thumb size
- 5 -6 tablespoon
- Whole stool, Taenia species
FORMATION OF STOOL:
Mouth →(b) ______ → (c) ___________ → (d) __________ → (e) _____________ → (f) _______
Mouth → Stomach → S Intestine → L Intestine → Rectum → Anus`
FORMATION OF STOOL: MOUTH
Food + __________ formation of ________
Saliva amylase
Bolus
FORMATION OF STOOL: STOMACH
It breakdown the food to small pieces and have contact with ________
digestive juices
FORMATION OF STOOL:
A site where the absorption of the nutrients that we eat and drink
Small Intestine
FORMATION OF STOOL:
A site where it absorbs Salt and Water making the poopie firm
Large Intestine
FORMATION OF STOOL: RECTUM
Process of move from Large Intestine to Rectum is called __________ (muscle contraction)
peristalsis
FORMATION OF STOOL:
Site where the poops will pass through and says bye bye see yah again
Anus
What is the importance of the proper collection of
fecal samples?
For accuracy result , Proper diagnosis
What is the importance of delivering the stool
specimens in the laboratory as soon as possible?
morphologic forms of the protozoa and helminths
Why stool should not be mixed with toilet water
and urine?
These two may be confused with human parasites
Free-living protozoa and nematodes
IMPOROPER COLLECTION:
1. Immediate collection of patients with medication
______, ________ (known to have crystal residue and
pwede mag iwan ito sa stool) or _________ (5-7 days
after the completion bago ulit kumuha)
- antibiotic/antimalarial - collect _______ or _______
medication - specimen with no proper/label – (Last Name, First Name, M.I., Identification no., time of collection, date of collection, age)
- barium, bismuth, mineral oil
- Before or after
