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[4] CHM110 | BIOCHEM > EXP #1 | Carbohydrates > Flashcards

EXP #1 | Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Are the most abundant biomolecule in nature

A

Carbohydrates

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2
Q

In plants, carbohydrates serves two purposes:

(1) Provides __________ in stems and roots in the form of __________

(2) Acts as a __________ in the form of __________ for the production of biochemical energy

A

(1) structural integrity; cellulose

(2) storage of glucose; starch

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3
Q

In humans, carbohydates provide energy for cells through __________ of __________

A

oxidation of monosaccharides

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4
Q

Carbohydates are a part of the structural framework of __________

A

nucleotides

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5
Q

Carbohydates act as messengers in __________ and __________

A

cell communication; cell recognition

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6
Q

Structurally, carbohydrates are ___________

A

polyhydroxylated aldehydes or ketones

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7
Q

Carbohydrates are molecules that yield polyhydroxylated aldehydes or ketones upon __________

A

hydrolysis

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8
Q

The simplest type among the carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides

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9
Q

Cabohydrates can be classified based on the following:

(1) type of __________ present (__________)

(2) based on the __________ present in its open chain structure (__________)

A

(1) carbonyl group; aldose or ketose

(2) number of carbons; 3C-triose, 4C-tetrose, 5C-pentose, 6C-hexose

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10
Q

Monosaccharides can form (1) __________ with one another to form more (2) __________ carbohydrates

A

(1) glycosidic linkages

(2) structurally and biochemically complex

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11
Q

Examples of complex carbohydrates

A

monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides

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12
Q

The functional groups found in carbohydrates:

(1) __________

(2) __________

A

(1) carbonyl group (as aldehyde or ketone)

(2) hydroxyl group

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13
Q

The functional groups of carbohydrates are (1) __________, while the presence of hydroxyl groups allow carbohydrates to observe (2) __________.

A

(1) polar

(2) intermolecular hydrogen bonding

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14
Q

The polarity and intermolecular hydrogen bonding of carbohydrates give them __________ and __________

A

high boiling and melting points

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15
Q

Carbohydrates are generally soluble in __________ such as __________

A

polar solvents; water

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16
Q

The presence of different and multiple (1) __________ makes carbohydrates undergo different (2) ___________

A

(1) functional groups

(2) chemical reactions

17
Q

The Molisch test is a test for __________

A

carbohydrates

18
Q

The presense of a __________ is the positive result for the Molisch test

A

purple ring

19
Q

The Iodine test is a test for __________

A

certain polysaccharides (i.e. starch & glycogen)

20
Q

The presence of a __________ is the positive result for the Iodine test

A

blue/purple solution

21
Q

The Benedict’s test is a test for __________

A

reducing sugars (i.e. glucose and lactose)

22
Q

The presence of __________ is the positive result for the Benedict’s test

A

red precipitate

23
Q

The Barfoed’s test is a test for __________

A

mono-disaccharides

24
Q

The presence of __________ is the positive result for the Barfoed’s test

A

red precipitate

25
Q

In Barfoed’s test, a (1)__________ (less than 2-3 minutes) will form orange and red precipitate faster than (2) __________ (up to 10 mins)

A

(1) reducing monosaccharide

(2) reducing disaccharide

26
Q

The Seliwanoff’s test is a test for __________

A

ketones

27
Q

The presence of a __________ is the positive result for the the Seliwanoff’s test

A

red solution

28
Q

The Bial’s test is a test for __________

A

pentoses

29
Q

The presence of __________ is the positive result for the Bial’s test

A

bluish/purple precipitate

30
Q

Waste generated from the following tests should be disposed in non-halogenated waste:

(1) __________
(2) __________

A

(1) Molisch test
(2) Seliwanoff’s test

31
Q

Waste generated by the following tests should be disposed in halogenated waste:

(1) __________

A

(1) Iodine test

32
Q

Waste generated by the following tests should be disposed in metal-containing waste:

(1) __________
(2) __________
(3) __________

A

(1) Benedict’s test
(2) Barfoed’s test
(3) Bial’s test

[4] CHM110 | BIOCHEM (7 decks)

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