Exercise Physiology

Question 1

Convective O2 transport

Answer 1

movement of O2 in air or blood

Question 2

Diffusive O2 transport

Answer 2

passive movement of O2 down concentration gradient across tissue barriers.​

Question 3

• Volume of oxygen delivered to systemic vascular bed per minute.
• The product of cardiac output and arterial oxygen content.

Answer 3

Oxygen Delivery (DO2)

Question 4

DO2

Answer 4

Oxygen delivery to systemic vascular bed per minute

CO ✖️ arterial oxygen content

Question 5

VO2

Answer 5

Oxygen Consumption

amount of oxygen a person requires

Question 6

Amount of oxygen that diffuses from capillaries to mitochondria

Answer 6

Oxygen Consumption VO2

Question 7

OER

Answer 7

Oxygen extraction ratio (OER):

Tissue oxygenation is adequate when tissues receive sufficient oxygen to meet their metabolic needs.

Question 8

arterial oxygen x cardiac output =

Answer 8

Oxygen Delivery DO2

(CO = HR x stroke volume)

Question 9

at rest DO2….

Answer 9

decreases

Question 10

with activity DO2…

Answer 10

increases

Question 11

Stroke Volume is affected by:

Answer 11

1. Pre-load
2. Myocardial distensibility.
3. Myocardial contractability.
4. Afterload.

Question 12

Cardiac output =

Answer 12

Stroke volume x HR

Question 13

Ways to measure VO2:

Answer 13

• Take arterial and venous blood and see the difference.
• Exercise breath test.

Question 14

VO2 ➗ weight in Kg =

Answer 14

VO2

Question 15

VO2 =

Answer 15

Volume inspired – volume expired

Question 16

Rate of metabolism in a completely rested state (morning after waking up)

Answer 16

Basal Metabolic Rate

(resting metabolic rate)

Question 17

Is there any difference between “Basal Metabolic Rate” and “Resting Metabolic Rate”?

Answer 17

basal = completely doing nothing but breathing

resting = sitting and doing minimal movt

Question 18

Amount of oxygen consumed while sitting at rest:

Answer 18

Metabolic Equivalent MET

Question 19

1 MET =

Answer 19

3.5 mL O2/Kg/Min

Question 20

Energy cost of an activity: MET Level =

Answer 20

VO2 ➗ 3.5

Question 21

V02 and DO2 at rest

Answer 21

DO2 can be 2-4 times greater than VO2

oxygen delivery is greater than oxigen consumption

Question 22

DO2 and VO2 during exercise:

Answer 22

• Oxygen consumption increases up to 20-fold
• So the body increases RR and HR
• Blood flow increases
• Blood vessel dilatation increases availability of O2 and extractions from blood

Increase in VO2 and DO2

Question 23

If DO2 declines, what happens to VO2?

Answer 23

• Regardeless of oxygen delivery, muscle will consume need to consume the same amount.
• Will not affect VO2

Question 24

After strenuous exercise, there are 4 tasks that need to be completed:

Answer 24

1. Replenishment of ATP
2. Replenishment of myoglobin with oxygen.
3. Replenishment of glycogen.
4. Removal of lactic acid.

Question 25

Functionally, myoglobin is well accepted as an

Answer 25

• O2-storage protein in muscle, capable of releasing O2 during periods of hypoxia or anoxia.
• High concentrations of myoglobin in muscle cells allow organisms to hold their breath for a longer period of time.

Question 26

difference between oxygen demand and oxygen consumption

Answer 26

Oxygen debt

Question 27

true or false: oxygen extraction is enhanced with exercise stress.

Answer 27

true