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Exercise Phys Flashcards

1
Q

The form of resistance where you resist the movement of an object is referred to as…

A

eccentric training

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2
Q

What is the most appropriate levels of resistance and repetitions to be used in a resistance training program for the development of muscular strength? (high/low)

A

high resistance, low reps

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3
Q

The increase in the number of individual muscle fibers is referred to as….

A

Hyperplasia

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4
Q

The basic difference between a power movement and a strength movement is…

A

The speed of movement

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5
Q

The increase in strength with resistance training results from which of the following: hypertrophy of the muscle; increased motor unit recruitment; synchronization; all of the above

A

All of the above

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6
Q

Fiber-type conversion has been shown to occur under which of the following conditions: cross-inervation of motor nerve to muscle fibers; chronic stimulation of FT motor units with low-frequency nerve stimulation; both; there is no conversion.

A

Both

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7
Q

DOMS experienced 24-48 hours after a heavy bout of exercise from…

A

muscle fiber damage

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8
Q

Which of the folowing types of athletes would be expected to have the higherst % of fast-twitch fibers in the muscles of their legs? Sprinter; shot putter; mid distance runner; long distance runner

A

Sprinter

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9
Q

Other than genetics, what exerts the most significant control on whether a muscle fiber is of a Type I or Type II fiber type?

A

The type of neruon that stimulates it

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10
Q

The major metabolic waste product that causes the muscles and blood to have a lower pH during exercise of increasing intensity is…

A

Lactate

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11
Q

The motor unit is composed of..

A

Motor neuron and muscle fibers

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12
Q

The primary system for providing energy for a 2 hour bout of work is the

A

oxidative

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13
Q

The thick filament comprising the myofibril is known as

A

myosin

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14
Q

The actual shortening of muscle during muscle contractions is a function of …

A

Cross-bridges

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15
Q

Two major neurotransmitters involved in regulating our physiological responses to exercises are…

A

norepinephrine and acetylcholine

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16
Q

Which of the following is a potential explanation for the neurogenic component of gains in muscular strength with resistance training? Periodization; transient hypertrophy; removal of autogenic inhibition; neurogenic facilitation

A

Removal of autogenic inhibition

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17
Q

Calcium ions, responsible for turning on muscle contraction, are stored in the …

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

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18
Q

Long distance runners have been found to set their races at a pace equivalent to their…

A

lactate threshold

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19
Q

Which of the following activities would result in the greatest degree of muscle soreness within 24 to 48 hours after the exercise? Running uphil at 6 mph, 10% grade; running on the level at 6 mph; running downhill at 6 mph, 10% grade; there would be identical degrees of soreness

A

Downhill

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20
Q

With variable or accommodating resistance training machines, how does the resistance vary?

A

In a manner attempting to replicate the strength curve

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21
Q

Which form of training has the potential to dynamically load the muscle maximally throught the full range of motion?

A

Isokinetic

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22
Q

What part of the central nervous system integrates motor function and movement?

A

Cerebellum

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23
Q

Which of the following are examples of the type of sensory information detected by a proprioceptive sensor? Pain in an internal organ; pain and joint angle; muscle tension, tendon tension, deep pressure; heat and cold.

A

Muscle tension, tendon tension, deep pressure

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24
Q

Which of the following types of athletes would be expected to have the highest percentage of ST fivers in the muscles of their legs? Sprinter; shot putter; weight lifter; long distance runner.

A

Long distance runner

25
The _______ muscle fibers constitute approximately 50% of the total muscle fibers in a given muscle in the normal, nonathletic population.
Type I
26
Which of the following factos has the greatest influence on energy expenditure during running? Age, gender, training status, body weight.
Body weight
27
The one repetition maximum is a functional measure of
Strength
28
Anaerobic training results in which of the following changes with the muscle? Increased muscle respiratory capacity; increase in oxidative enzymes; increase in glycolytic enzymes; none of the above
Increase in glycolytic enzymes
29
Carbohydrate is the predominant energy substrate at exercise intensity levels of greater than ….
70% maximal oxygen uptake
30
As a result of aerobic training, the body is able to depend more on _____ as the substrate for muscle contraction.
Fat
31
All out maximal exercise of 1 min duration would stress which system(s)?
The glycolytic system
32
During repeated days of exercise in a hot and humid environment, what blood related measurements are decreased?
Hemoglobin and hematocrit
33
Which system provides energy through aerobic metabolism?
oxidative
34
Lactate threshold is one of the best predictors of
distance running performance
35
Two high energy compounds critical for all physical activity are…
ATP and PCR
36
Endurance training results in greater storage of muscle …
triglyceride and glycogen
37
With endurance training, mitochondia increase or decrease in size and number?
Increase in both size and number
38
__________ delivers oxygen from the muscle cell membrane to the mitochondria.
Myoglobin
39
T/F: Plasma insulin levels increase during exercise to assure msucle glucose uptake remains high.
FALSE
40
T/F: Maximal oxygen uptake is regarded as one of the best single indicators of one's capacity for endurance exercise.
TRUE
41
T/F: Children should not participate in resistance training programs as the risk of injury far outweighs any benefits to be gained.
FALSE
42
T/F: The rate of energy release from chemical compainds is facilitated by special proteins called enzymes.
TRUE
43
T/F: The two major muscle fiber types, ST and FT, have been shown to undergo conversion from on type to the other with cross-enervation.
TRUE
44
T/F: Fast-Twitch muscle fibers are best suited for glycolytic energy production.
TRUE
45
T/F: Amino acids are the primary source of energy during sprint exercise.
FALSE
46
T/F: Carbohydrates (ie. Glucose) are the major source of fuel during most types of exercise, and fat generally contributes an insignificant amount to the energy supply of the exercising muscles.
FALSE
47
T/F: Golgi tendon organs monitor the length of a muscle, whereas muscle spindles are sensitive to tension in the muscle-tendon complex.
FALSE
48
Calcium ions, responsible for turning the muscles on are stored in the…
sarcoplasmic reticulum
49
During exercise of increasing intensity, the point at which blood lactate begins to accumulate above resting levels is called the ____________.
lactate threshold
50
The fuel source most likely to to limit endurance is …
Glycogen
51
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are referred to as ….
catecholamines
52
Extreme muscle soreness results primarily after a bout of ______ exercise.
eccentric
53
Lowering a heavy weight from the fully extended position in the two-arm curl is an example of what kind of muscle contraction?
Eccentric
54
The actual shortening of muscle during muscle contraction is due to the action of _____, which enable the thin filaments to slide past the thick filaments.
Cross-bridges
55
Plyometrics enhance what anatomical area?
neuromuscular mechanisms
56
The contract relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation training will stretch the:
GTA (Golgi Tendon Apparatus)
57
Which energy system is predominate in endurance activities?
oxidative
58
The maximum force capability of a muscle is INVERSELY related to…
the velocity of a concentric contraction
59
Glycogen used for energy production is stored in the muscle cell's _____
Mitochondria

CCSP (13 decks)

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