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MD1 Exercise > Exercise for Diagnosis - Principles of Exercise Testing > Flashcards

Exercise for Diagnosis - Principles of Exercise Testing Flashcards

1
Q

Why is exercise testing used in a clinical setting?

A

Can indicate pathology

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2
Q

How is the change in the notion that rest is good for you reflected?

A

Active rehabilitation

Pre-habilitation

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3
Q

What are major foci of exercise tests?

A

Cardiovascular

Pulmonary

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4
Q

What aspect of exercise is a vital sign and predictor of mortality?

A

Exercise capacity

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5
Q

How could the effectiveness of therapy be shown in an exercise test?

A

Improvement in exercise capacity

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6
Q

Why is treadmill walking often used in exercise tests?

A

Activity most people accustomed to

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7
Q

What are the limitations of using treadmill walking in exercise tests?

A

Need balance

Risk of falling off

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8
Q

What is an advantage of treadmill walking over using a cycle ergometer in exercise tests?

A

Don’t get as much localised muscle fatigue

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9
Q

What are the advantages of using a cycle ergometer in exercise tests?

A

Quantify workload quite easily
Independent of body mass
Collapse on cycle not nearly as catastrophic as on treadmill

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10
Q

What are the general principles of the modified Bruce protocols?

A

Allow period of warm up
Progressively load physiological system
Patient limited by motivation and fatigue

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11
Q

Compare motivation and fatigue in exercise tests between elite athletes and patients

A

Highly motivated elite athletes go as long as they can
Patients often symptom limited
Get best result if limitation is due to fatigue, no matter your test subject

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12
Q

What is the ramp exercise protocol?

A

Bike programmed to slowly increase ramp

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13
Q

What is the change in VO2 with a ramp exercise protocol?

A

Increases linearly

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14
Q

When is the ramp exercise protocol best used?

A

For measuring VO2 max because without large step, which can load muscle and cause premature fatigue

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15
Q

Why might a step exercise protocol be used?

A

In sports science setting might use this because also measuring lactate

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16
Q

What is heart rate a measure of?

A

Cardiac function

17
Q

What is lactate a measure of?

A

Oxidative capacity of muscle

18
Q

Compare lactate production between normal and heart patients

A

Heart patients produce lactate much earlier in exercise test

19
Q

Where are indirect exercise tests useful?

A

In remote areas

20
Q

What are some examples of indirect exercise tests?

A

Walk/run tests
Beep test
Harvard step test

21
Q

What are some factors influencing walk/run tests?

A

Partly determined by muscle mass

Large part determined by cardiorespiratory fitness

22
Q

What is the principle behind the Harvard step test?

A

If you know someone’s body mass, and height of step > can work out power output
Compare to heart rate at end of test

23
Q

When is heart rate higher in exercise tests?

A

Dehydrated

Hot

24
Q

When is heart rate lower in exercise tests?

A

On beta-blockers

25
Q

What are some reasons for testing cessation?

A 
Fatigue/exhaustion
Drop in blood pressure
Moderate to severe angina
Ataxia, dizziness, syncope
Dysrhythmias
ST segment changes
Shortness of breath beyond normal exercise norms
26
Q

What is endurance capacity related to?

A

Oxidative capacity of muscle more than VO2 max

27
Q

What is the relationship between lactate threshold and time to fatigue in well-trained cyclists?

A

Higher lactate threshold, greater time to fatigue

28
Q

What is the relationship between lactate threshold and glycogen use in well-trained cyclists?

A

Higher lactate threshold, lower glycogen use

29
Q

What is the relationship between muscle mass and all-cause mortality, particularly in the older age group?

A

Lower muscle mass, higher all-cause mortality

MD1 Exercise (10 decks)

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