Exercise 20: The Excretory System Flashcards
It refers to the process of removing nitrogenous metabolic wastes via organs of filtration.
excretion
Complete the sentence below:
Excretory organs also serve as _______________, removing excess fluids and salts.
osmoregulators
Identify the types of excretory organs.
- protonephridia
- metanephridia
- antennal glands
- malpighian tubules
- kidneys
It is the excretory organ of flatworms.
protonephridia
It is the excretory organ of mollusks and annelids.
metanephridia
It is the excretory organ of mollusks and annelids.
metanephridia
It is the excretory organ of crustaceans.
antennal glands
It is the excretory organ of terrestrial arthropods.
malpighian tubules
It is the excretory organ of terrestrial arthropods.
malpighian tubules
Comlpete the sentence below:
In unicellular organisms, wastes are moved through diffusion at the ____________ or ____________.
cell membrane, epithelium
Identify the types of nitrogenous wastes.
- ammonia
- urea
- uric acid
It is the excretory organ of cockroaches.
malpighian tubules
Which nitrogenous wastes do cockroaches excrete?
crystalline uric acid
In amphibians, it is the structure found dorso-lateral to the intestine, beneath the parietal peritoneum.
mesonephric kidneys
It refers to the space the mesonephric kidneys occupy.
cisterna magna (retroperitoneal space)
It refers to the space the mesonephric kidneys occupy.
cisterna magna (retroperitoneal space)
Complete the sentence below:
The mesonephric kidneys are also referred to as _______________.
retroperitoneal
Complete the sentence below:
The mesonephric kidneys are also referred to as _______________.
retroperitoneal
It is the structure lying on the lateral side of the mesonephric kidneys, descending posteriorly to the urinary bladder.
Wolffian (mesonephric) duct
Complete the sentence below:
In amphibians, contents of the urinary bladder exit into the ____________.
cloaca
Complete the sentence below:
The urinary bladder is found on the ____________ side of the pelvis.
ventral
Are yellow streaks on the ventral side of the mesonephric kidneys.
adrenal glands
Complete the sentence below:
In male specimens, the mesonephric kidneys are dorsal to the ____________.
testes
Complete the sentence below:
In amphibians, the mesonephric kidney section is ____________ dorsally and ____________ ventrally.
convex, concave
Are arranged in curves along the ventral length of the mesonephric kidney section.
malpighian bodies (renal corpuscles)
Are the primary filtration sites of the blood in the mesonephric kidney.
malpighian bodies (renal corpuscles)
Are the round mass of capillaries in renal corpuscles.
glomerulus
Is the thin crest of squamous epithelia on the renal corpuscles.
Bowman’s capsule
Are the tubules present in the mesonephric kidneys.
- (coiled) uriniferous tubules
- (round) collecting tubules
Are the sites of susbtance reabsorption in mesonephric kidneys.
uriniferous tubules
Are the sites of substance reabsorption in mesonephric kidneys.
uriniferous tubules
Are tubules present next to the renal corpuscles.
uriniferous tubules
Are tubules present next to the renal corpuscles.
(coiled) uriniferous tubules
Are tubules present at the convex margin of the mesonephric kidney section.
collecting tubules
Differentiate the structure of the lumen of uriniferous and collecting tubules.
- uriniferous tubules - elongated lumen
- collecting tubules - circular lumen
Are tubules lined with cuboidal epithelia.
collecting tubules
Complete the sentence below:
The tubules all converge at the _______________.
mesonephric duct
Identify the 2 primary divisions of the metanephric kidney.
- cortex
- medulla
Complete the sentence below:
The cortex houses the _______________.
- renal corpuscles
- distal and proximal tubules
Complete the sentence below:
The cortex houses the _______________.
- renal corpuscles
- distal and proximal tubules
Complete the sentence below:
The medulla houses the ____________.
- descending and ascending limb of the loop of Henle
- collecting tubules
Complete the sentence below:
The collecting tubules terminate at the _______________.
renal papilla
Complete the sentence below:
In the pig, the individual renal papillae converge to form the _______________.
renal pelvis
The number of renal papilla in cats.
1
Complete the sentence below:
The renal pelvis tapers to form the _______________.
metanephric duct (ureter)
It refers to the concavity of the metanephric kidney.
hilus
It is where the ureter emerges.
hilus
It is where the renal arteries and veins enter the kidney.
hilus
Identify the pathway of urine through the excretory system of amphibians.
malpighian bodies (renal corpuscles) -> uriniferous tubules -> collecting tubules -> wolffian (mesonephric) duct -> urinary bladder -> cloaca -> cloacal opening
Identify the pathway of urine through the excretory system of mammals.
renal corpuscles -> proximal tubule -> descending limb of the loop of Henle -> ascending limb of the loop of Henle -> distal tubule -> collecting tubule -> renal papilla -> renal pelvis -> ureter (metanephric duct) -> urinary bladder -> urethra
Are the nitrogenous wastes of flatworms.
ammonia
Are the nitrogenous wastes of mollusks.
ammonia
Are the nitrogenous wastes of crustaceans.
ammonia
Are the nitrogenous wastes of terrestrial arthropods.
uric acid
Are the nitrogenous wastes of terrestrial arthropods.
uric acid
Are the nitrogenous wastes of fishes.
ammonia
Are the nitrogenous wastes of amphibians.
urea
Are the nitrogenous wastes of reptiles.
uric acid
Are the nitrogenous wastes of birds.
uric acid
Are the nitrogenous wastes of mammals.
urea
Is the excretory organ of fishes.
mesonephric kidneys
It is the excretory organ of fishes.
mesonephric kidneys
It is the excretory organ of reptiles.
mesonephric kidneys
It is the excretory organ of reptiles.
mesonephric kidneys
It is the excretory organ of birds.
metanephric kidneys
Why are mesonephric kidneys also termed as retroperitoneal?
due to their location (beneath the parietal peritoneum)