Exercise 20: The Excretory System

Question 1

It refers to the process of removing nitrogenous metabolic wastes via organs of filtration.

Answer 1

excretion

Question 2

Complete the sentence below:
Excretory organs also serve as _______________, removing excess fluids and salts.

Answer 2

osmoregulators

Question 3

Identify the types of excretory organs.

Answer 3

• protonephridia
• metanephridia
• antennal glands
• malpighian tubules
• kidneys

Question 4

It is the excretory organ of flatworms.

Answer 4

protonephridia

Question 5

It is the excretory organ of mollusks and annelids.

Answer 5

metanephridia

Question 6

It is the excretory organ of mollusks and annelids.

Answer 6

metanephridia

Question 7

It is the excretory organ of crustaceans.

Answer 7

antennal glands

Question 8

It is the excretory organ of terrestrial arthropods.

Answer 8

malpighian tubules

Question 9

It is the excretory organ of terrestrial arthropods.

Answer 9

malpighian tubules

Question 10

Comlpete the sentence below:
In unicellular organisms, wastes are moved through diffusion at the ____________ or ____________.

Answer 10

cell membrane, epithelium

Question 11

Identify the types of nitrogenous wastes.

Answer 11

• ammonia
• urea
• uric acid

Question 12

It is the excretory organ of cockroaches.

Answer 12

malpighian tubules

Question 13

Which nitrogenous wastes do cockroaches excrete?

Answer 13

crystalline uric acid

Question 14

In amphibians, it is the structure found dorso-lateral to the intestine, beneath the parietal peritoneum.

Answer 14

mesonephric kidneys

Question 15

It refers to the space the mesonephric kidneys occupy.

Answer 15

cisterna magna (retroperitoneal space)

Question 16

It refers to the space the mesonephric kidneys occupy.

Answer 16

cisterna magna (retroperitoneal space)

Question 17

Complete the sentence below:
The mesonephric kidneys are also referred to as _______________.

Answer 17

retroperitoneal

Question 18

Complete the sentence below:
The mesonephric kidneys are also referred to as _______________.

Answer 18

retroperitoneal

Question 19

It is the structure lying on the lateral side of the mesonephric kidneys, descending posteriorly to the urinary bladder.

Answer 19

Wolffian (mesonephric) duct

Question 20

Complete the sentence below:
In amphibians, contents of the urinary bladder exit into the ____________.

Answer 20

cloaca

Question 21

Complete the sentence below:
The urinary bladder is found on the ____________ side of the pelvis.

Answer 21

ventral

Question 22

Are yellow streaks on the ventral side of the mesonephric kidneys.

Answer 22

adrenal glands

Question 23

Complete the sentence below:
In male specimens, the mesonephric kidneys are dorsal to the ____________.

Answer 23

testes

Question 24

Complete the sentence below:
In amphibians, the mesonephric kidney section is ____________ dorsally and ____________ ventrally.

Answer 24

convex, concave

Question 25

Are arranged in curves along the ventral length of the mesonephric kidney section.

Answer 25

malpighian bodies (renal corpuscles)

Question 26

Are the primary filtration sites of the blood in the mesonephric kidney.

Answer 26

malpighian bodies (renal corpuscles)

Question 27

Are the round mass of capillaries in renal corpuscles.

Answer 27

glomerulus

Question 28

Is the thin crest of squamous epithelia on the renal corpuscles.

Answer 28

Bowman's capsule

Question 29

Are the tubules present in the mesonephric kidneys.

Answer 29

* (coiled) uriniferous tubules * (round) collecting tubules

Question 30

Are the sites of susbtance reabsorption in mesonephric kidneys.

Answer 30

uriniferous tubules

Question 31

Are the sites of substance reabsorption in mesonephric kidneys.

Answer 31

uriniferous tubules

Question 32

Are tubules present next to the renal corpuscles.

Answer 32

uriniferous tubules

Question 33

Are tubules present next to the renal corpuscles.

Answer 33

(coiled) uriniferous tubules

Question 34

Are tubules present at the convex margin of the mesonephric kidney section.

Answer 34

collecting tubules

Question 35

Differentiate the structure of the lumen of uriniferous and collecting tubules.

Answer 35

* uriniferous tubules - elongated lumen * collecting tubules - circular lumen

Question 36

Are tubules lined with cuboidal epithelia.

Answer 36

collecting tubules

Question 37

Complete the sentence below: The tubules all converge at the _______________.

Answer 37

mesonephric duct

Question 38

Identify the 2 primary divisions of the metanephric kidney.

Answer 38

* cortex * medulla

Question 39

Complete the sentence below: The cortex houses the _______________.

Answer 39

* renal corpuscles * distal and proximal tubules

Question 40

Complete the sentence below: The cortex houses the _______________.

Answer 40

* renal corpuscles * distal and proximal tubules

Question 41

Complete the sentence below: The medulla houses the ____________.

Answer 41

* descending and ascending limb of the loop of Henle * collecting tubules

Question 42

Complete the sentence below: The collecting tubules terminate at the _______________.

Answer 42

renal papilla

Question 43

Complete the sentence below: In the pig, the individual renal papillae converge to form the _______________.

Answer 43

renal pelvis

Question 44

The number of renal papilla in cats.

Answer 44

1

Question 45

Complete the sentence below: The renal pelvis tapers to form the _______________.

Answer 45

metanephric duct (ureter)

Question 46

It refers to the concavity of the metanephric kidney.

Answer 46

hilus

Question 47

It is where the ureter emerges.

Answer 47

hilus

Question 48

It is where the renal arteries and veins enter the kidney.

Answer 48

hilus

Question 49

Identify the pathway of urine through the excretory system of amphibians.

Answer 49

malpighian bodies (renal corpuscles) -> uriniferous tubules -> collecting tubules -> wolffian (mesonephric) duct -> urinary bladder -> cloaca -> cloacal opening

Question 50

Identify the pathway of urine through the excretory system of mammals.

Answer 50

renal corpuscles -> proximal tubule -> descending limb of the loop of Henle -> ascending limb of the loop of Henle -> distal tubule -> collecting tubule -> renal papilla -> renal pelvis -> ureter (metanephric duct) -> urinary bladder -> urethra

Question 51

Are the nitrogenous wastes of flatworms.

Answer 51

ammonia

Question 52

Are the nitrogenous wastes of mollusks.

Answer 52

ammonia

Question 53

Are the nitrogenous wastes of crustaceans.

Answer 53

ammonia

Question 54

Are the nitrogenous wastes of terrestrial arthropods.

Answer 54

uric acid

Question 55

Are the nitrogenous wastes of terrestrial arthropods.

Answer 55

uric acid

Question 56

Are the nitrogenous wastes of fishes.

Answer 56

ammonia

Question 57

Are the nitrogenous wastes of amphibians.

Answer 57

urea

Question 58

Are the nitrogenous wastes of reptiles.

Answer 58

uric acid

Question 59

Are the nitrogenous wastes of birds.

Answer 59

uric acid

Question 60

Are the nitrogenous wastes of mammals.

Answer 60

urea

Question 61

Is the excretory organ of fishes.

Answer 61

mesonephric kidneys

Question 62

It is the excretory organ of fishes.

Answer 62

mesonephric kidneys

Question 63

It is the excretory organ of reptiles.

Answer 63

mesonephric kidneys

Question 64

It is the excretory organ of reptiles.

Answer 64

mesonephric kidneys

Question 65

It is the excretory organ of birds.

Answer 65

metanephric kidneys

Question 66

Why are mesonephric kidneys also termed as retroperitoneal?

Answer 66

due to their location (beneath the parietal peritoneum)