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Bio 11.1 [Zoology II] > Exercise 17: The Digestive System > Flashcards

Exercise 17: The Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

It i the type of digestive system characterized by the egestion of excretory wastes through the mouth.

A

incomplete digestive syste,

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2
Q

It is found at the tapered anterior end of the fluke.

A

oral sucker

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3
Q

It borders the mouth of the fluke.

A

oral sucker

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4
Q

Complete the sentence below:
In the digestive system of the fluke, the esophagus branches into the _______________.

A

intestines

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5
Q

Identify the general divisions of the digestive system of cockroaches.

A
  • foregut
  • midgut
  • hindgut
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6
Q

It refers to the largest part of the cockroach foregut.

A

crop

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7
Q

It marks the anterior end of the cockroach foregut.

A

pharynx

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8
Q

It marks the posterior end of the cockroach foregut.

A

gizzard

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9
Q

Are tubular protrusions marking the anterior end of the cockroach midgut.

A

gastric ceca

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10
Q

It marks the boundary of the midgut and hindgut of cockroaches.

A

malpighian tubules

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11
Q

It marks the anterior end of the cockroach hindgut.

A

ileum

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12
Q

It refers to the main length of the cockroach hindgut.

A

colon

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13
Q

Identify the general divisions of the toad digestive system.

A
  • digestive tract
  • digestive glands
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14
Q

Complete the sentence below:
The _______________ is where the food passes through, while the _______________ are outgrowths which secretes enzymes towards the tract via ducts.

A

digestive tract, digestive gland

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15
Q

Complete the sentence below:
The _______________ is where the food passes through, while the _______________ are outgrowths which secretes enzymes towards the tract via ducts.

A

digestive tract, digestive glands

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16
Q

It refers to the space within the mouth of toads.

A

buccal cavity

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17
Q

It lines the maxillary arch of toads.

A

maxillary teeth

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18
Q

Are paired openings at the roof of the buccal cavity.

A

internal nares (choanae)

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19
Q

Are structures found posterior to the internal nares.

A

vomerine teeth

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20
Q

Are median openings found at the posterior end of the buccal cavity.

A
  • esophagus (dorsal)
  • glottis (ventral)
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21
Q

It refers to the space containing the visceral organs.

A

coelom

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22
Q

It is the part of the coelom located at the chest and the abdomen.

A

pleuro-peritoneal cavity

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23
Q

Complete the sentence below:
The _______________ contains the heart.

A

pericardial cavity

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24
Q

It refers to the surface of the pleuro-peritoneal cavity.

A

peritoneum

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25
Q

Identify the composition of the peritoneum.

A
  • squamous epithelia
  • connective tissue
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26
Q

It refers to the peritoneum lining the inner body wall.

A

parietal peritoneum

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27
Q

It refers to the peritoneum lining the organs.

A

visceral peritoneum

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28
Q

Are continuations of the peritoneum which suspend the organs in place.

A

mesenteries

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29
Q

It refers to the double-membrane peritoneal derivative which holds visceral organs together.

A

omentum

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30
Q

It serves as the passageway of ingested food to the stomach.

A

esophagus

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31
Q

Refer to the anterior and posterior ends of the stomach.

A
  • cardiac end (anterior)
  • pyloric end (posterior)
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32
Q

Complete the sentence below:
The medial surface of the stomach is the __________ curvature, while the lateral surface is the __________.

A

lesser, greater

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33
Q

It marks the boundary of the stomach and the small intestine.

A

pyloric sphincter

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34
Q

It refers to the dorsal mesentery that suspends the stomach at the cardiac end.

A

mesogaster

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35
Q

It refers to the folds of the stomach wall.

A

rugae

36
Q

It is the structure where the chemical digestion and absorption is completed.

A

small intestine

37
Q

Identify the regions of the small intestine.

A
  • duodenum (anterior; parallel to the stomach)
  • ileum (posterior
38
Q

It refers to the dorsal and highly vascularised mesentery which suspends the small intestine.

A

mesentery proper (mesenterium)

39
Q

It refers to the membrane stretching from the liver to the stomach and the duodenum.

A

gastrohepatoduodenal omentum (lesser omentum)

40
Q

It refers to the dorsal mesentery which suspends the large intestine and the spleen.

A

mesorectum

41
Q

It refers to the lymphatic organ located near the junction of the intestines.

A

spleen

42
Q

It refers to the lymphatic organ located near the junction of the small and large intestines.

A

spleen

43
Q

Identify the lobes of the liver.

A
  • right
  • left anterior
  • left posterior
44
Q

It refers to the structure suspended between the right and left lobes of the liver.

A

gall bladder

45
Q

It refers to the structure suspended between the right and left lobes of the liver.

A

gall bladded

46
Q

It is an irregularly shaped, secretory organ embedded in the lesser omentum.

A

pancreas

47
Q

Are circular folds lining the small intestine.

A

valves of kerckring

48
Q

Are outgrowths lining the valves of kerckring.

A

villi

49
Q

It refers to the innermost layer of the small intestine.

A

mucosa

50
Q

Are cells lining the mucosa of the small intestine.

A

columnar epithelial cells

51
Q

Are cells interspersed among the columnar epithelia.

A

goblet cells

52
Q

It refers to the layer outer to the mucosa of the small intestine.

A

submucosa

53
Q

Complete the sentence below:
The submucosa of the small intestine is composed of _______________.

A

loose connective tissue

54
Q

TRUE of FALSE:
The submucosa of the small intestine follows the foldings of the villi.

A

True

55
Q

Are structures found within the submucosa of the small intestine.

A
  • blood vessels
  • lymph spaces
56
Q

It refers the layer outer to the submucosa of the small intestine.

A

muscularis

57
Q

Identify the composition of the muscularis.

A
  • stratum circulare (circular smooth muscle)
  • stratum longitudinale (longitudinal smooth muscle) [outer, thinner]
58
Q

It refers to the outermost layer of the small intestine.

A

serosa

59
Q

It is also referred to as the visceral peritoneum of the small intestine.

A

serosa

60
Q

Are structures found within the serosa of the small intestine.

A
  • blood vessels
  • lymph spaces
  • nerves
61
Q

Are structures found within the serosa of the small intestine.

A
  • blood vessels
  • lymph spaces
  • nerves
62
Q

It refers to the innermost layer of the stomach.

A

mucosa

63
Q

Identify the sublayers of the stomach.

A
  • columnar epithelial layer [inner, thinner]
  • lamina propria (loose connective tissue)
64
Q

Are depressions found at the epithelial layer of the mucosa.

A

gastric pits

65
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The gastric pits are lined with columnar epithelial cells.

A

True

66
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
The gastric glands and the connective tissues between them are found in the lamina propria.

A

True

67
Q

Are cells found at the neck of the gastric glands.

A

neck (Foveolar) cells

68
Q

Are cells found at the base of the fundus.

A

zymogenic cells

69
Q

Are cells found at the periphery of the fundus or between the zymogenic cells.

A

parietal cells

70
Q

It refers to the layer outer to the lamina propria.

A

muscularis mucosa

71
Q

Identify the composition of the muscularis mucosa.

A
  • stratum circulare
  • stratum longitudinale
72
Q

Which layers follow the foldings of the rugae?

A
  • muscularis mucosa
  • submucosa
73
Q

It refers to the layer outer to the muscularis mucosa.

A

submucosa

74
Q

It refers to the layer outer to the submucosa.

A

muscularis

75
Q

Identify the composition of the muscularis.

A

circular smooth muscle cells

76
Q

It refers to the layer outer to the muscularis of the stomach.

A

subserosa

77
Q

Identify the structures found within the subserosa.

A
  • connective tissue
  • blood vessels
  • longitudinal smooth muscles
78
Q

It refers to the layer outer to the subserosa.

A

serosa

79
Q

Complete the sentence below:
The corners of the polygonal liver lobules are marked by the ____________.

A

portal triads

80
Q

Are structures comprising the portal triads.

A
  • bile duct
  • arteriole
  • venule
81
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Pigment granules are interspersed throughout the cross section of the liver.

A

True

82
Q

Complete the sentence below:
The polygonal liver lobules are characterized by the presence of ____________ at the middle of each lobule.

A

central vein

83
Q

Are cells in the liver arranged in irregular clusters.

A

hepatocytes

84
Q

Are spaces between the irregular clusters of hepatocytes.

A

sinusoids

85
Q

Are cells lining the walls of bile ducts.

A

cuboidal epithelial cells

86
Q

TRUE or FALSE:
Compared to bile ducts, arterioles and venules have more layers in their walls.

A

True

Bio 11.1 [Zoology II] (5 decks)

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