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🔬 BIOSCI: Physiology and Anatomy > Exercise 2: The Language of Anatomy > Flashcards

Exercise 2: The Language of Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

It is the reference position in the study of anatomy.

A

anatomical position

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2
Q

When describing the location of certain body parts, one always refers to the ___.

A

anatomical position

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3
Q

Describe the anatomical position.

A 
stands erect,
faces forward,
arms are straight,
placed along the sides of the body,
palms facing forward,
legs are straight,
feet bit apart,
facing forward,
flat on the floor
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4
Q

The principal regions in the human body are:

A 
head (cephalic),
neck (cervical),
trunk,
upper limbs,
lower limbs
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5
Q

It includes the skull and the face.

A

head (cephalic)

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6
Q

It is the bony part of the head that encloses and protects the brain.

A

skull

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7
Q

It is the anterior (front) portion of the head where the eyes, nose, mouth, forehead, cheeks, and chins are found.

A

face

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8
Q

It supports the head and attaches it to the trunk.

A

neck (cervical)

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9
Q

It is found between the head and the trunk.

A

neck (cervical)

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10
Q

It consists of the chest, abdomen, pelvis, and back.

A

trunk

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11
Q

It is found between the neck and abdomen anteriorly.

A

chest

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12
Q

It is found between the chest and pelvis anteriorly.

A

abdomen

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13
Q

It is the posterior portion of the trunk that is between the neck and the buttocks.

A

back

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14
Q

Each of it is attached to the trunk by the shoulder girdle.

A

upper limb

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15
Q

The shoulder girdle is comprised of the ___ and ___.

A

clavicle anteriorly,

scapula posteriorly

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16
Q

It is the part of the body where the upper limb is attached to the shoulder girdle.

A

shoulder

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17
Q

It is the part of the upper limb from the shoulder to the elbow.

A

upper arm

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18
Q

It is the part of the upper limb from the elbow to the wrist.

A

forearm

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19
Q

It is the part of the upper limb which connects the hand to the forearm.

A

wrist

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20
Q

It is the part of the upper limb which includes the palm and fingers.

A

hand

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21
Q

Each of it is attached to the trunk by the pelvic girdle.

A

lower limbs

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22
Q

The pelvic girdle is consisted of:

A

ilium,
ischium,
pubis

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23
Q

It is the posterior rounded area in the pelvis where the thigh is attached.

A

buttocks

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24
Q

It is the part of the lower limb that is attached to the pelvis.

A

thigh

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25
Q

It is the part of the lower limb from the knee to the ankle.

A

leg

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26
Q

It is the portion of the lower limb that attaches the foot to the leg.

A

ankle

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27
Q

it is the part of the lower limb which is composed of the sole and toes.

A

foot

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28
Q

The different body regions, specific body areas, and body landmarks are described using ___.

A

anatomical terms

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29
Q

What anatomical term:

central part of the body which includes the head and the trunk

A

axial

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30
Q

What anatomical term:

head

A

cephalic

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31
Q

What anatomical term:

portion of the skull surrounding the brain

A

cranial

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32
Q

What anatomical term:

facr

A

facial

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33
Q

What anatomical term:

eye

A

orbital

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34
Q

What anatomical term:

forehead

A

frontal

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35
Q

What anatomical term:

ear

A

otic

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36
Q

What anatomical term:

nose

A

nasal

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37
Q

What anatomical term:

cheek

A

buccal

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38
Q

What anatomical term:

mouth

A

oral

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39
Q

What anatomical term:

chin

A

mental

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40
Q

What anatomical term:

back of the head

A

occipital

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41
Q

What anatomical term:

neck

A

cervical

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42
Q

What anatomical term:

chest

A

thoracic

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43
Q

What anatomical term:

breast bone

A

sternal

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44
Q

What anatomical term:

breast

A

mammary

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45
Q

What anatomical term:

anterior body trunk inferior to the ribs

A

abdominal

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46
Q

What anatomical term:

navel

A

umbilical

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47
Q

What anatomical term:

hip

A

coxal

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48
Q

What anatomical term:

pelvis

A

pelvic

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49
Q

What anatomical term:

genital area

A

pubic

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50
Q

What anatomical term:

back

A

dorsal

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51
Q

What anatomical term:

shoulder

A

scapular

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52
Q

What anatomical term:

area of spine

A

vertebral

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53
Q

What anatomical term:

area of back between hips and ribs

A

lumbar

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54
Q

What anatomical term:

extremities or limbs

A

appendicular

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55
Q

What anatomical term:

highest point of shopulder

A

acromial

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56
Q

What anatomical term:

armpit

A

axillary

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57
Q

What anatomical term:

upper arm

A

brachial

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58
Q

What anatomical term:

anterior surface of the elbow

A

antecubital

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59
Q

What anatomical term:

elbow

A

olecranal

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60
Q

What anatomical term:

forearm

A

antebrachial

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61
Q

What anatomical term:

antero-medial aspect of the forearm

A

volar

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62
Q

What anatomical term:

wrist

A

carpal

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63
Q

What anatomical term:

palm

A

palmar

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64
Q

What anatomical term:
digits or fingers (upper limb);
toes (lower limb)

A

digital

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65
Q

What anatomical term:

groin

A

inguinal

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66
Q

What anatomical term:

buttocks

A

gluteal

67
Q

What anatomical term:

thigh

A

femoral

68
Q

What anatomical term:

anterior surface of the knee

A

patellar

69
Q

What anatomical term:

posterior surface of the knee

A

popliteal

70
Q

What anatomical term:

anterior surface of the leg

A

crural

71
Q

What anatomical term:

posterior surface of the elg

A

sural

72
Q

What anatomical term:

lateral side of the leg

A

fibular/peroneal

73
Q

What anatomical term:

ankle

A

tarsal

74
Q

What anatomical term:

pedal

A

foot

75
Q

What anatomical term:

sole of foot

A

plantar

76
Q

What anatomical term:

heel

A

calcaneal

77
Q

It indicates exactly where one body structure is in relation to another.

A

directional terms

78
Q

What directional term:

above

A

superior

79
Q

What directional term:

upper part of a structure or a body

A

superior

80
Q

What directional term:

below

A

inferior

81
Q

What directional term:

lower part of a structure or a body

A

inferior

82
Q

What directional term:

in front of;

A

anterior

83
Q

What directional term:

ventral

A

anterior

84
Q

What directional term:

front of the body

A

anterior

85
Q

What directional term:

behind

A

posterior

86
Q

What directional term:

backside of the body

A

posterior

87
Q

What directional term:

dorsal

A

posterior

88
Q

What directional term:

on the inner side of

A

medial

89
Q

What directional term:

near the midline of the body

A

medial

90
Q

What directional term:

on the outer side of

A

lateral

91
Q

What directional term:

farther from the midline of the body

A

lateral

92
Q

What directional term:

between a more medial and a more lateral structure

A

intermediate

93
Q

What directional term:

on the same side of the body as another structure

A

ipsilateral

94
Q

What directional term:

on the opposite side of the body from another structure

A

contralateral

95
Q

What directional term:

close to the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk

A

proximal

96
Q

What directional term:

near the origin

A

proximal

97
Q

What directional term:

farther from the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk

A

distal

98
Q

What directional term:

away from the point of origin

A

distal

99
Q

What directional term:

near the surface of the body

A

superficial

100
Q

What directional term:

away from the surface of the body

A

deep

101
Q

What directional term:

more internal

A

deep

102
Q

Parts of the body are also studied relative to ___.

A

planes

103
Q

It is an imaginary flat surface that passes through the different body parts.

A

plane

104
Q

The exposed surfaces produced by these planes are ___.

A

sections

105
Q

It is a vertical plane that divides an organ or the body into the right and left parts.

A

sagittal plane

106
Q

It is the body section produced by the sagittal plane.

A

sagittal section

107
Q

Two types of sagittal plane:

A

mid-sagittal or median plane,

parasagittal plane

108
Q

It passes through the midline of an organ or the body and divides the organ or the body into equal right and left halves.

A

mid-sagittal or median plane

109
Q

It is the body section produced by the mid-sagittal or median plane.

A

mid-sagittal or median section

110
Q

It does not pass through the midline but divides an organ or the body into unequal halves.

A

parasagittal plane

111
Q

It is the body section produced by the parasagittal plane.

A

parasagittal section

112
Q

It divides an organ or the bod into anterior or posterior portions.

A

frontal or coronal plane

113
Q

It is the body section produced by the frontal or coronal plane.

A

frontal or coronal section

114
Q

It divides an organ or the body into superior and inferior portions.

A

transverse or cross or horizontal plane

115
Q

It is the body section produced by the transverse or cross or horizontal plane.

A

transverse or cross or horizontal section

116
Q

It is a plane that passes through the organ or the body at an angle between the transverse plane and either sagittal or frontal plane.

A

oblique plane

117
Q

It is the body section produced by the oblique plane.

A

oblique section

118
Q

It is a body position that is lying facing up.

A

supine position

119
Q

It is a body position that is lying facing down.

A

prone position

120
Q

These are spaces within the body.

A

body cavities

121
Q

It helps protect and support internal organs.

A

body cavities

122
Q

These separates the body cavities.

A

bones,
muscles,
ligaments

123
Q

It is the only vertebrate that can be divided equally.

A

human body

124
Q

It is an imaginary line.

A

axis

125
Q

It divides the body between superior to interior.

A

longitudinal axis

126
Q

It divides the body between side to side.

A

transverse axis

127
Q

It divides the body between anterior to posterior.

A

sagittal axis

128
Q

It is a combination of two to three body axes.

A

body plane

129
Q

It is the largest muscle.

A

gluteal (gluteus maximus)

130
Q

Axes of the midsagittal plane:

A

sagittal axis,

longitudinal axis

131
Q

Axes of the cross or transverse plane:

A

sagittal axis,

transverse axis

132
Q

Axes of the frontal or coronal plane:

A

longitudinal axis,

transverse axis

133
Q

It is the cavity that houses the brain.

A

cranial cavity

134
Q

It is where the vertebral column passes.

A

vertebral or spinal canal

135
Q

The three layers of meninges that protect the dorsal body cavity are:

A

dura mater,
arachnoid,
pia mater

136
Q

It is the outermost meninge.

A

dura mater

137
Q

It is the innervascular meninge that penetrates even the brain.

A

pia mater

138
Q

It is the meninge between the dura and pia mater.

A

arachnoid

139
Q

It is the singular of meninges.

A

meninx

140
Q

Organs inside the body are called ___.

A

viscera

141
Q

The ventral body cavity is divided by the ___ into two.

A

diaphragm

142
Q

Two divisions of the ventral body cavity:

A

thoracic cavity,

abdominopelvic cavity

143
Q

It is the cavity that contains heart, lungs, etc.

A

thoracic cavity

144
Q

The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into two:

A

abdominal cavity,

pelvic cavity

145
Q

It contains the liver, stomach, spleen, etc.

A

abdominal cavity

146
Q

It contains the kidneys, urinary bladders, etc.

A

pelvic cavity

147
Q

It is a double-layered membrane.

A

serous membrane

148
Q

The serous membrane is composed of ___ and ___ layers.

A

parietal,

visceral

149
Q

It is found between visceral and parietal layer.

A

serous fluid

150
Q

It is the serosae of the lungs.

A

pleura

151
Q

It is the serosae of the uterus.

A

perimetrium

152
Q

It is the serosae of the heart.

A

pericardium

153
Q

It is the serosae of the abdominal organs.

A

peritoneum

154
Q

It is the line from the nine-region designation below the ribs.

A

subcostal line

155
Q

It is the line from the nine-region designation that runs from tubercle to tubercle.

A

transtubercular line

156
Q

It is the line from the nine-region designation that passes between clavicles.

A

midclavicular line

157
Q

It is the region in the nine-region scheme that is the centermost, deep, and surrounds umbilical region.

A

umbilical region

158
Q

It is the region in the nine-region scheme that is superior, above the umbilical region.

A

epigastric region

159
Q

It is the region in the nine-region scheme that is pubic, inferior to the umbilical region.

A

hypogastric region

160
Q

It is the region in the nine-region scheme that is lateral to hypograstic, inguinal.

A

iliac (left and right) region

161
Q

It is the region in the nine-region scheme that is lateral to umbilical.

A

lumbar (left and right) region

162
Q

It is the region in the nine-region scheme that overlie the lower ribs.

A

hypochondriac (left and right) region

163
Q

Examples of medical imaging techniques:

A 
radiography,
computed tomography,
digital subtraction angiography,
sonography,
magnetic resonance imaging,
positron emission tomography

🔬 BIOSCI: Physiology and Anatomy (16 decks)

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