Exercise 17: Gross Anatomy of the Brain and Cranial Nerves Flashcards
In which of the cerebral lobes are the function areas found? Primary auditory cortex: _____ _____ _____
Superior temporal gyrus
In which of the cerebral lobes are the function areas found? Primary motor cortex: _____ _____
Frontal lobe
In which of the cerebral lobes are the function areas found? Primary somatosensory cortex: _____ _____
Parietal lobe
In which of the cerebral lobes are the function areas found? Olfactory cortex: _____ _____
Temporal lobe
In which of the cerebral lobes are the function areas found? Primary visual cortex: _____ _____
Occipital lobe
In which of the cerebral lobes are the function areas found? Broca’s area: _____ _____
Frontal lobe
Which of the following structures are not part of the brain stem? Cerebral hemispheres, pons, midbrain, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, diencephalon
Cerebellum and diencephalon
A(n) _____ is an elevated ridge of cerebral tissue. The convolutions seen in the cerebrum are important because they increase the _____ _____. Gray matter is composed of _____ _____ _____. White matter is composed of _____. A fiber tract that provides for communicated between different parts of the same cerebral hemisphere is called a(n) _____ tract, whereas one that carries impulses from the cerebrum to lower CNS areas is called a(n) _____ tract. The caudate nucleus and putamen are collectively called the _____.
Gyrus; surface areas; neuron cell bodies; axon; association tract; projection tract; basal nuclei
What is the appropriate structure for: site of regulation of body temperature and water balance; most important autonomic center
Hypothalamus
What is the appropriate structure for: site where medial fibers of the optic nerves cross
Optic chiasma
What is the appropriate structure for: located in the midbrain; contains reflex centers for vision and hearing
Corpora quadrigemina
What is the appropriate structure for: responsible for regulation of posture and coordination of complex muscular movements
Cerebellum
What is the appropriate structure for: important synapse site for afferent fibers traveling to the sensory cortex
Thalamus
What is the appropriate structure for: contains autonomic centers regulating blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rhythm, as well as coughing, sneezing, and swallowing centers
Medulla oblongata
What is the appropriate structure for: large fiber tract connecting the cerebral hemispheres
Corpus callosum
What is the appropriate structure for: relay stations for olfactory pathways
Mammillary body
What is the appropriate structure for: canal that connects the third and fourth ventricles
Cerebral aqueduct
What is the appropriate structure for: portion of the brain stem where the cerebral peduncles are located
Midbrain
What is the function of the basal nuclei?
Control voluntary movement
What is the meningeal (or associated) structures for: outermost meninx covering the brain; composed of tough fibrous connective tissue
Dura mater
What is the meningeal (or associated) structures for: innermost meninx covering the brain; delicate and highly vascular
Pia mater
What is the meningeal (or associated) structures for: structures instrumental returning cerebrospinal fluid to the venous blood in the dural venous sinuses
Arachnoid villi
What is the meningeal (or associated) structures for: structure that produces the cerebrospinal fluid
Choroid plexus
What is the meningeal (or associated) structures for: middle meninx; like a cobweb in structure
Arachnoid mater
What is the meningeal (or associated) structures for: its outer layer forms the periosteum of the skull
Dura mater
What is the meningeal (or associated) structures for: a dural fold that attaches the cerebrum to the crust galli of the skull
Falx cerebri
What is the meningeal (or associated) structures for: a dural fold separating the cerebrum from the cerebellum
Tentorium cerebelli
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: rotating the head
Accessory XI
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: smelling a flower
Olfactory I
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: raising the eyelids; pupillary constriction
Oculomotor III
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: slowing the heart; increasing motility of the digestive tract
Vagus X
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: involved in Bell’s palsy (facial paralysis)
Facial VII
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: chewing food
Trigeminal V
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: listening to music; seasickness
Vestibulocoblear VIII
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: secretion of saliva; tasting well-seasoned food
Facial VII
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: involved in “rolling” the eyes (three nerves - provide numbers only)
III, VI, IV
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: feeling a toothache
Trigeminal V
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: reading the newspaper
Optic II
What is the name and number of the cranial nerves involved for: purely or mostly sensory in function ( three nerves - provide numbers only)
I, II, VIII
Describe the firmness and texture of the sheep brain tissue as observed when you cut into it.
It was very firm and tender
Given that formalin hardens all tissue, what conclusions might you draw about the firmness and texture of living brain tissue?
Live brain is softer
