Exercise Flashcards
Why does muscle length matter
Reduces injury, improves warm up, reduces pain, important when looking at muscle fasicle
Why use eccentric exercise in rehab, safety, feasibility and application
Eccentric exercise offer a really good scope in improving many patients, unique and require little metabolic function doesn’t use much energy to do a strong eccentric contraction, generate more force, provide a way of highly stressing the tissue stimulates cellular adaption and hypertrophy, less metabolic function used= HR not increased as much stand less chance of causing side effects but all the same benefits of exercise
Is exercise or stretching more effective at preventing injury
Strength training lead to significant reductions in injury risk, acute injuries reduced by a 1/3
What’s total tension made up of
Some of the passive constituents of the muscle and tendon being stretched, in end range- tension out the fascial components of the muscle the epimysium, perimysium and endomysium all tensioned and increase some of the force capacity
What are the bio mechanical properties of soft tissue
Stress and strain apply to properties of connective tissue, apply to ligaments, muscle and tendon fasciae, when looking at cartilage and bone type of stress won’t be tension it will be compressive
What’s stress
Physical force applied to a material
What’s a strain
A measurement of deformation of the material length change in tissue
What happens when we pull tissue (tendon in this instance)
Initially as strain is applied= significantly longer, don’t need much force to develop length change, when end of force region reached tests elastic properties of the tissue= large increase in stress applied, lots of force through tissue to cause relatively small length change as it does up small amounts of for e start to cause micro failure of tissue if you keep lengthening can result in catastrophic tissue failure
What’s plastic deformation
Micro failures caused by 900 N, physios don’t do this would result in gross inflammatory response
Physios work in elastic region brings about transient change in tissue
What’s creep
The elongation of tissue that occurs under a constant load, elongation=the uncrimping of fibres collagen becomes more straight and linear
What’s hysteresis
Energy lost and not returned to a system, warming can create a change and damage cells (tendinopathy) can trigger apoptosis
How does muscle remodel
Adds sarcomeres to make muscle longer this is called sarcomerogensi= very slow, faster options such as doing eccentric exercises at end range as it stimulates muscle dramatically, forces through it much greater then stretches, greater force, greater reaction, more likely to trigger change
What are the problems with stretching
Doesn’t elongate tissue very well, not much sarcomeregenesis, increase Rom can lead to impairment in muscle performance, new alteration in strength for new length could increase risk of Injury, chronically linked with strength changes, changes in pain perception theory
How does stretching work
Changes muscle length, changes viscoelastic properties, transient and short lived may eventually add sarcomeres, pain perception, pain gate
Types of stretch
Self administered, static, dynamic, contract relax, hold relax, therapist administered, SSTM physiological and accessory
