Exercise 1 Flashcards
Location and function of structures in the brain
What are the directions on a human brain?
What is the location and function of the temporal lobe?
Location: Caudal to the frontal lobe and ventral to the parietal lobe
Function: Processing and perceiving sound, memory
What is the location and function of the occipital lobe?
Location: is the lobe at the most posterior tip. There is no clear continuous border between parietal and occipital lobes in most brains.
Function: Processing and perceiving vision
What is the location and function of the parietal lobe?
Location: goes straight back from the central sulcus to the border with the occipital lobe.
Function: : Integrating sensory information from the body (somatosensation), processing spatial information, temperature perception
What is the location and function of the frontal lobe?
Location: Includes all the neocortex from the front, most anterior part of the brain to a major sulcus, called the central sulcus, that runs from side to side at about the middle of the brain.
Function: Reasoning, personality, attention
Where are the major lobes of the brain?
What is the location and function of the spinal cord?
Location: Connects the brain and peripheral nervous system;
Function: Carries information from the brain to the body and from the body to the brain
What is the location and function of the medulla?
Location: Part of the brainstem, Caudal to the pons
Function: Controls autonomic functions (breathing, heart rate, etc)
What is the location and function of the cerebellum?
Location: Caudal to the cerebrum
Function: Coordinating movement; maintaining posture; fine motor movement; motor learning; and receives some sensory information
What is the location and function of the cerebellar hemisphere?
Location: The two lateral sections of the cerebellum
Function: motor control
What is the function and location of the cerebellar vermis?
Location: The median portion of the cerebellum
Function: Proprioception
What is the location and function of the sulcus?
Location: All over the cerebrum, surface of the brain.
Function: Increase the surface area of the brain and allow it to fit within the confines of the skull.
What is the location and function of the gyrus?
Location: All over the cerebrum, surface of the brain
Function: Increase the surface area of the brain and allow it to fit within the confines of the skull
What is the location and function of the Medial longitudinal fissure?
Location: Deep fissure separating the left and right hemispheres of the brain
Function: Divides the cerebrum into the left and right hemispheres
What is the location and function of the cerebrum?
Location: Rostral to the cerebellum
Function: Movement, Sensory Processing, Olfaction, Language and communication, Learning and memory
Dorsal view of brain:
What is the location and function of the trigeminal nerve?
Location: Rostral to the medulla and abducens, caldal to the midbrain and oculomotor nerve.
Function: Mixed nerve (sensory and motor) Carries sensory information from the skin muscles and other structures. Motor – biting and chewing
What is the location and function of the pyriform lobe?
Location: In the lateral view ventral to the rhinal fissure and caudal to the optic nerve.
Function: Processes scent (olfaction)
What is the location and function of the sylvian fissure?
Location: Caudal to the frontal lobe
Function: Divides the frontal lobe from the temporal lobe
What is the structure and function of the rhinal fissure?
Location: In the lateral view dorsal to the pyriform lobe and lateral olfactory tract leading to the olfactory bulb
Function: Divides the cerebrum from the underlying structures
What is the location and function of the optic nerve?
Location: In the lateral view rostral to the pyriform lobe caudal to the olfactory bulb
Function: Sensory – carries visual information
What is the location and function of the olfactory bulb?
Location: Rostral to the optic nerve and rostral to the cerebrum
Function: Perception of odors
Lateral View:
What is the location and function of the meninges?
Location: Three tissue layers that cover the brain
Function: Series of three tissue layers that cover and protect the brain
What is the location and function of the dura mater?
Location: Tough, white, outermost layer on the outside of the brain
Function: protect the brain
What is the location and function of the arachnoid mater?
Location: Middle, web-like layer on the outside of brain
Function: protect the brain
What is the location and function of the pia mater?
Location: Thin, transparent layer that is closest to the brain
Function: protect the brain, enclose cerebrospinal fluid
What is the location and function of white matter?
Location: Regions of the brain with myelinated neurons
Function: Increases the speed of transmission of neuronal signals
What is the structure and function of gray matter?
Location: Regions of the brain with unmyelinated neurons, neuronal cell bodies
Function: Mostly neuronal cell bodies includes regions of brain involved in sensory perception, memory, muscle control, hearing, emotions
What is the location and function of the choroid plexus?
Location: In the ventricles of the brain
Function: Structures that produce cerebrospinal fluid
Layers surrounding the brain:
