Excretory System Flashcards
Skin excretion
sodium chloride, lactic acid, urea
Lung excretion
CO2 and water
Renal veins
remove blood from the kidney
Renal artery
Carries blood to the kidney
Structure and function of the kidney
- Glomerular corpuscle surrounds the glomerulus to collect fluid from the capillaries
- Pressure inside glomerulus forces out smaller molecules due to differentiating arterioles
- 2 sets of convoluting tubules and loop of Henle; increases the surface area for secretion
- over 1 million nephrons - extremely large surface area
Arterioles
Afferent: arrives at the glomerulus and has a larger diameter that the efferent
Efferent: exits the glomerulus, increased pressure due to narrow diameter - forces out small molecules
Filtration
Small molecules in the blood stream are filtered into the glomerulus and captured in the Bowman’s capsule
Filtrate
Liquid containing unneeded molecules (toxins, water, salt, urea)
No proteins
Reabsoption
Occurs along the length of the tubule
The movement of essential molecules from the tubules into capillaries
Deamination
Excess protein being stored (as carbohydrates) or used as an energy source
amino acids + oxygen } carbs and NH4
Nephron Tubules
The length of the tubule increases the surface area where reabsorption can occur
Tubular Secretion
The movement of the large molecules from the network capillaries into the tubules to be secreted (eg. penicillin)
Renal Corpuscle
Filtration of blood, formation of filtrate in the corpuscle
Proximal convoluted tubule
the reabsorption of sodium ions
active reabsorption of glucose
passive reabsorption of water
Distal convoluted tubule
reabsorption of sodium ions
active reabsorption of water
secretion of water, hydrogen, and potassium ions, creatinine and drugs
