Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

bio > excretory system > Flashcards

excretory system Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the KIDNEYS?

A

kidneys are the main excretory organs, they excrete wastes and excess water from the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the LUNGS?

A

Lungs remove carbon dioxide and small amounts of other gases (water vapour) from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the LIVER

A

The liver removes metabolic waste. It excreted water, salts, lipids, and removes harmful substances such as alcohol and drugs from the blood through detoxification.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the SKIN?

A

The skin removes excess heat and helps maintain the body temperature. It also excepted water, salts, and some urea in perspiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are URETERS?

A

Ureters are tubes that carry wastes from the kidneys to the bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the BLADDER?

A

The bladder is the storage area for urine. Drainage is controlled by muscles called Sphincters.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many mL’s can your bladder hold?

A

Up to 800 mL’s, but we become aware of the fluid at 250mL’s, and become uncomfortable at 500mL’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the URETHRA?

A

The urethra is the passageway from the bladder to the opening from which urine exits the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Each kidney consists of 3 layers:

A

1) Renal Cortex
2) Renal Medulla
3) Renal Pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Renal Artery

A

Brings oxygen-rich blood TO the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Renal Vein

A

Carried oxygen-rich blood AWAY from kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The wastes filtered by kidneys are made up of 3 nitrogen containing compounds, what are they?

A

1) Urea: produced in the liver, main component of urine
2) Uric Acid: produced from the breakdown of RNA and DNA
3) Creatinine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How can humans function with only one kidney?

A

If one kidney stops working, the other increases in size to handle the workload.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The Renal Cortex

A

Where blood is filtered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The Renal Medulla

A

Carry the filtrate (filtered blood) to the Pelvis through collecting ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The Renal Pelvis

A

A hollow cavity where urine accumulates and then drains into the ureter

17
Q

What are Nephrons?

A

Nephrons are the functional units within the kidney that remove waste, while reabsorbing useful molecules and water

18
Q

Where are nephrons found?

A

Within The Renal Cortex and The Renal Medulla

19
Q

GLOMERULUS

A

A mass of thin-walled capillaries located in the cortex of the nephron

20
Q

BOWMANS CAPSULE

A

A double-walled structure that encapsulates the glomerulus

21
Q

Proximal Tubule

A

Leads from the Bowman’s capsule to the Loop Of Henle

22
Q

Loop Of Henle

A

A long loop which extends to the medulla

23
Q

Distal Tubule

A

Connects to the loop of Henle to the collecting duct

24
Q

Collecting Duct

A

Passes urine on to the renal pelvis of the Kidney

25
Q

There are 3 functional regions of the Nephron

A

1) The Filter
- the glomerulus filters waste, allowing only the smallest of molecules to pass as filtrate
2) The Tubule
- this long tube acts as a reabsorption device, absorbing useful substances back into the blood
3) The Duct
- the collecting duct reclaims water from the filtrate, whatever is left turns into urine

26
Q

Glomerular Filtration

A

In the filtration process, filtrate forms. Water and solutes from blood plasma are pushed into the nephron down a pressure gradient.

27
Q

Tubular Reabsorption

A

In the tube, water and useful sources are reabsorbed into the blood for re-use by the body

28
Q

Tubular Secretion

A

In the tube, additional wastes and excess substances from the blood enter the tube to be to be excreted

29
Q

Water reabsorption

A

In the tube and the duct, water is removed from the filtrate and reabsorbed in to the blood for re-use by the body.

30
Q

What is Renal Insufficiency?

A

A state in which the kidneys cannot maintain homeostasis due to nephron damage

31
Q

ADH?

A

ADH is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland upon being stimulated by the hypothalamus. It travels to the kidneys, causing the nephrons to absorb water when you are dehydrated.

32
Q

In which order does nephron anatomy appear?

A

Glomerulus, Bowman’s Capsule, Proximal Tube, Loop Of Henle, Distal Tube, Collecting Duct

bio (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions