digestive system

Question 1

Explain how systems maintain homeostasis through negative feedback mechanisms?

Answer 1

It brings your body back to normal levels, for example: temperature regulation

Question 2

Explain the difference between negative feedback and positive feedback mechanisms

Answer 2

Positive feedback mechanisms continually amplify a variable, but Negative feedback mechanisms help return the variable back to normal

Question 3

The Digestive System is designed to what?

Answer 3

Ingest food and - while moving it through an 8m long tube - break it down chemically and mechanically into smaller components

Question 4

Mechanical Digestion

Answer 4

The physical breakdown of food by chewing, grinding, or churning.

Question 5

Chemical Digestion

Answer 5

The molecular breakdown of food using enzymes and digestive juices

Question 6

Purpose of the teeth?

Answer 6

Grind up your food

Question 7

What’s the purpose of your tongue?

Answer 7

Rolls your food into a smooth ball called a Bolus

Question 8

what the Epiglottis?

Answer 8

A flap of tissue covering the trachea to prevent food from going into your windpipe

Question 9

Salivary Amylase?

Answer 9

An enzyme secreted from the salivary glands in the mouth that breaks starch down into simple sugars

Question 10

Mucin?

Answer 10

Makes the food slippery and easy to swallow

Question 11

Pharynx?

Answer 11

Part of the pathway to both the digestive and respiratory system,

Question 12

Trachea?

Answer 12

Path to the respiratory system

Question 13

Esophagus?

Answer 13

Path to the digestive system

Question 14

Esophagus

Answer 14

muscular tube through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach

Question 15

Stomach?

Answer 15

J-shaped sac that lies below the diaphragm toward the left side of the abdomen. This is where food stays for 2-6 hours.

Question 16

What are the 2 valves that control the passage of food in and out of the stomach?

Answer 16

Esophageal sphincter at the entrance, pyloric sphincter at the exit.

Question 17

Peristalsis?

Answer 17

Churns and mixed food with digestive juices (mechanical digestion)

Question 18

Gastrin?

Answer 18

Stimulates gastric glands in the stomach wall to release gastric juices (chemical digestion)

Question 19

Why does the stomach not digest itself?

Answer 19

Plyoric glands in the stomach secrete mucus which covers the stomach lining and prevent it from being digested, when this lining breaks, ulcers form.

Question 20

The small intestine consists of three sections, what are they?

Answer 20

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

Question 21

Segmentation?

Answer 21

the process by which chyme sloshes back and fourth between segments of the small intestine during contractions

Question 22

Bile is produced by WHAT organ?

Answer 22

The liver

Question 23

What organ stores bile?

Answer 23

The gallbladder

Question 24

Why isn’t bile considered and enzyme?

Answer 24

Because it helps digestive enzymes digest fat, but it isn’t a digestive enzyme itself.

Question 25

What are Villi

Answer 25

Finger-like projections that make up the small intestine that increase the surface area to increase nutrient absorption

Question 26

What does the Liver do?

Answer 26

Secretes bile to digest fats.

Question 27

How does bile break down fats?

Answer 27

Through emulsification

Question 28

Gastrin Feedback?

Answer 28

A hormone produced in the stomach that stimulates the release of gastric hydrochloric acid

Question 29

Secretin feedback?

Answer 29

A hormone that regulates water through the body

Question 30

CCK feedback

Answer 30

A hormone the helps improve digestion by reducing the rate at which food empties from the stomach

Question 31

Rectum?

Answer 31

Stores feces until elimination

Question 32

Anus? 😜

Answer 32

Where feces and colon bacteria move out of the body VIA peristalsis

Question 33

Vitamin?

Answer 33

An organic compound needed in small quantities to sustain life

Question 34

Mineral?

Answer 34

An Inorganic compound needed in small quantities to sustain life