Excretory System Flashcards
What is excretion?
Excretion is the removal of harmful and unwanted nitrogenous waste products from the body
What is the main excretory organ? What are the accessory excretory organs?
Kidneys. Skin, liver and lungs
Name a few substances to be eliminated from the body.
- Carbon dioxide
- Nitrogenous wastes - urea, uric acid, ammonia
- Excess salts
- Water
- Bile pigments (chiefly yellow bilirubin) - breakdown of haemoglobin of dead RBCs
Where are the kidneys located?
They are located on either side of backbone and protected by the last two ribs
Which muscle guards the opening of the bladder into the urethra?
The sphincter muscles (circular muscles)
What is micturition?
the act of Urinating
What are two major portions of the kidney?
- Outer - dark CORTEX
- Inner - lighter MEDULLA
What are nephrons?
Renal Tubules or Uriniferous Tubules are the structural as well as functional Units of Kidney
What is the collective name for the Glomerulus and Bowman’s Capsule?
Malphigian Capsule or Renal Capsule
What gives the dotted Appearance to the cortex of kidney?
The Bowman’s Capsule and PCT.
What is the other name of the capillaries surrounding the Loop of Henle?
Vasa Recta
When does urine become urine?
The filtrate left after reabsorption and tubular secretion is called urine
Ureteral peristalsis
Waves of constriction in the ureters
What are the three major steps of urine formation?
- Ultrafiltration
- Selective Reabsorption
- Tubular Secretion
Which pigment is responsible for colour of urine?
Urochrome