excretory system Flashcards
what organs contribute to excretion
skin, lungs and kidneys
how to lungs contribute
remove carbon dioxide
when is carbon dioxide made
cellular oxidation
which metabolic wastes are toxic
urea, ammonia
how do the kidneys maintain homeostasis
adjusting the salt and water content of urine
how do the kidneys maintain blood volume
by regulating the amount of water excreted
how do the kidneys monitor blood composition
by regulating electrolyte secretion (sodium)
how do the kidneys monitor blood pH
regulating the excretion of ions (hydrogen)
what enzyme do the kidneys secrete that helps with blood pressure
renin
what growth factor do kidneys secrete that stimulates red blood cell production
erythropoietin
outermost region of kidney
renal cortex
inner portion of kidney, triangle shaped
Renal Medulla
funnel-shaped structure in center of kidney
Renal Pelvis
Where is urine collected in kidneys
Renal Pelvis
NH3 is what
ammonia
what does the liver do with ammonia
turns it into urea because it’s less toxic
Where does the liver transport blood to
to the heart, which sends it to the lungs and then back into body tissues
what substances enter the cells when blood is passing through body’s tissues
oxygen, glucose, amino acids. NOT urea
which LARGE vein returns filtered blood back to the heart
the renal vein
How does a kidney dialysis machine work
Just like your kidneys, the machine filters your blood and for extra salt and waste and sends it to your bladder and sends the filtered blood back to your heart through a needle
where is a foley catheter inserted for drainage
the bladder
when pathogens (bacteria) ascend from the bladder through the ureters to your kidneys, what happens
a kidney infection
where is the external sphincter
surrounding the upper region of the urethra
where is the internal sphincter
at the exit of the bladder
