Excretion and urinary systems Flashcards
1
Q
Main chemical substances forced out of the blood into nephron?
A
- Sodium, chloride, potassium, urea,
2
Q
How are substances forced out?
A
- Blood pressure
- Through glomerular membrane
3
Q
Main substances reabsorbed from nephron into blood?
A
- Glucose, amino acids, sodium, ions, water, vitamins
4
Q
Cell processes that help with reabsorption?
A
- Diffusion, absorption, cellular respiration
5
Q
Main metabolic waste not reabsorbed into blood
A
Urea
6
Q
Main difference between blood in artery and vein
A
- Lots of urea (dirty) in artery and little urea in vein (clean)
7
Q
Main difference between blood in arteriole and venule
A
Arteriole- carries oxygenated blood
Venule- drains oxygen- depleted blood
8
Q
How cells contribute to reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule
A
- Mitochondria- cellular respiration (ATP)
9
Q
Why is their a slight drop in concentration of glucose in blood?
A
- Active reabsorption requires energy.
- Uses glucose for energy
- Cellular respiration used energy
10
Q
High concentration of urea in urine?
A
- Not much water or ions in urine just urea
11
Q
Path of glucose molecules through nephron
A
- small molecules filtered out and pass into nephron tubule
- small molecules include urea, water, ions and glucose
Ultrafiltration- small molecules are filtered
12
Q
How does structure of kidney suit its function?
A
- Nephron- tubules are convoluted to increase surface area-> helps reabsorption
- Blood vessels- intertwine-> closely linked which help reabsorption
- Loop of Henle- long to increase surface area for reabsorption
Inside PCT- micro villi increase surface area - Mitochondria- help cell respiration and active transport
