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Pharmaceutics > excipients > Flashcards

excipients Flashcards

1
Q

BHA and BHT

A

antioxidants for oil systems

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2
Q

vitamin E

A

antioxidant for oil systems

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3
Q

ascorbic acid, suflur salts (sodium thiosulfate or sodium bissulfite)

A

antioxidants for aq systems

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4
Q

EDTA

A

chelating agent

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5
Q

parabens or esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid

A

preservatives

*alc, acids and esters are common preservatives

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6
Q

Boric acid/borate

A

buffers

EXTERNAL USE ONLY

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7
Q

carbonates, citrates, gluconates, lactates, phosphates, or tartrates

A

Pharmaceutical buffers

*can be acidifying agents

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8
Q

Sodium chloride and dextrose

A

tonicity modifiers

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9
Q

flocculating agents

A

Electrolytes – decrease zeta potential
Lyophilic macromolecules – protective colloid effect; eg Polymers – provide steric hindrance

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10
Q

what excipient is added for protective colloids?

A
  • lyophilic macromolecules added to lyophobic colloids
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11
Q

Tragacanth

A

used in suspensions

  • inc viscosity, and causes flocculation
  • acts as protective colloid at low conc
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12
Q

Acacia

A

used in suspensions

  • inc viscosity, and causes flocculation
  • acts as protective colloid at low conc
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13
Q

Colloidal silicon dioxide

A

used in suspensions

  • inc viscosity, and causes flocculation
  • acts as protective colloid at low conc
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14
Q

Methylcellulose

A

used in suspensions

  • inc viscosity, and causes flocculation
  • acts as protective colloid at low conc
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15
Q

Carbon polymers

A

used in suspensions

  • inc viscosity, and causes flocculation
  • acts as protective colloid at low conc
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16
Q

Glycerin

A

polar solvent

  • can be used to solubilize dr
  • acts as protective colloid at low conc
17
Q

wetting agents

A

glycerine and propylene glycol

  • alc (ehtanol) can be used to wet hydrophobic solids
18
Q

protective colloids

A

*lyophillic mol, add to lyophobic colloids so less sensitive to oagulation by salts, and steric stabliization

ex: *gelatin (best), albumin, acacia, socium oleate, tragacanth

19
Q

surfactants

A

*surfactants, wetting agents

Oral: Polysorbats (tweens), orbital esters (spans)

Topical: sodium lauryl sulfate, diocytl sodium, slfosuccinate

Parenteral: polysorbates, lecithin (phospholipis)

20
Q

sodium benzoate

A

preservative

21
Q

Propylene glycol

A

Solvent/vehicle

22
Q

ascorbic acid

A

antioxidant

23
Q

pyroxline

A

film forming agent for flexible collodions

*castor oil can be added to improve flexibility

24
Q

Talc

A

distributing/dispersing agent

25
Q

polysorbate

A

surfactant, can use to help solubilzie

*can be used to form association colloid

26
Q

benzalkonium chloride

A

forms association colloids

27
Q

sodium lauryl sulfate

A

anionic surfactant

28
Q

carbomer

A

emulsifying agent

Pharmaceutics (19 decks)

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