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Pharmaceutics > case formulations practice > Flashcards

case formulations practice Flashcards

1
Q

Categorize dermatological vehicles according to their ability to provide occlusion.

A

Hydrocarbon bases

Absorption bases

Emulsifying bases

Silicone bases

Pastes

w/o emulsions (moderately occlusive)

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2
Q

Cetegorize dermatological vehicles according to wait water washabilty

A

o/w emulsions
gels
hydrophilic bases (PEG ointment) Emulsifying bases

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3
Q

Explain the difference between lanolin and woolfat.

A

Lanolin: contains 25-30% water
Wool fat: anhydrous (< 0.25% water content)

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4
Q

Define cold cream and the traditional emulsifier used for it.

A
  • specific type of w/o emulsion bases
  • contain the beeswax-borax type in situ emulsifier system

Beeswax can be substituted with other waxes eg. Cetyl esters wax, white wax

*When borax is dissolved in water it produces boric acid and sodium hydroxide. The sodium hydroxide interacts with cerotic acid in the beeswax – a free fatty acid that makes up about 13% of beeswax by weight – and forms an anionic emulsifier, while the boric acid buffers the system.

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5
Q

Define vanishing cream and the traditional emulsifier used for it.

A

o/w emulsion bases.

contain stearic acid and KOH components that form in situ emulsifier potassium stearate

smooth, easy to apply and instantaneously absorb into the skin and leave no residue

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6
Q

Analyze the following formulation: what is the emulsifying agent?

Stearic acid 25g

Mineral oil 47g

White wax 30g

Triethanolamine 10g

Propylene glycol 24g

Water 200g

A

Triethanolamine stearate in situ emulsifier

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7
Q

Analyze the following formulation: what is the role of triethanolamine

Stearic acid 25g

Mineral oil 47g

White wax 30g

Triethanolamine 10g

Propylene glycol 24g

Water 200g

A

A weak base, a component for the in situ emulsifier

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8
Q

Analyze the following formulation: what is the role of white wax

Stearic acid 25g

Mineral oil 47g

White wax 30g

Triethanolamine 10g

Propylene glycol 24g

Water 200g

A

Here it is a stiffening agent, part of the oil phase

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9
Q

Analyze the following formulation: Which excipients belong to the oil phase and the water phase?

Stearic acid 25g

Mineral oil 47g

White wax 30g

Triethanolamine 10g

Propylene glycol 24g

Water 200g

A

Oil phase: stearic acid, mineral oil, white wax

Water phase: triethanolamine, propylene glycol, water

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10
Q

Analyze the following formulation: What type of emulsion forms?

Stearic acid 25g

Mineral oil 47g

White wax 30g

Triethanolamine 10g

Propylene glycol 24g

Water 200g

A

o/w

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11
Q

Analyze the following formulation: What type of ointment base is the above formulation?

Acyclovir 10g

PEG 3350 400g

PEG 300 600g

A

Water-soluble ointment base

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12
Q

Analyze the following formulation: Why two different PEG excipients are used?

Acyclovir 10g

PEG 3350 400g

PEG 300 600g

A

PEG 3350 is a solid, PEG 300 is a liquid

when melted together and mixed until congealing, a uniform ointment consistency is obtained

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13
Q

Analyze the following formulation: Is this an occlusive base?

Acyclovir 10g

PEG 3350 400g

PEG 300 600g

A

no

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14
Q

Analyze the following formulation: Could you incorporate silver sulphadiazine as an antimicrobial active compound into this base?

Acyclovir 10g

PEG 3350 400g

PEG 300 600g

A

No, there is incompatibility with silver salts

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15
Q

Analyze the following formulation: What type of ointment base is the above formulation?

Liquid paraffin 20g

Sodium lauryl sulphate 2g

Cetostearyl alcohol 28g

White petrolatum 50g

A

Emulsifying base (anionic)

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16
Q

Analyze the following formulation: What is/are the emulsifying agents in this formulation?

Liquid paraffin 20g

Sodium lauryl sulphate 2g

Cetostearyl alcohol 28g

White petrolatum 50g

A

odium lauryl sulfate (o/w) and cetostearyl alcohol (w/o auxiliary agent)

17
Q

Analyze the following formulation: What is the method of preparation? Liquid paraffin 20g

Sodium lauryl sulphate 2g

Cetostearyl alcohol 28g

White petrolatum 50g

A

Melt ingredients together at around 70C and mix until congealed

18
Q

Analyze the following formulation: What is the method of preparation? Can you incorporate cetylpyridinium chloride antiseptic agent into this formulation?

Sodium lauryl sulphate 2g

Cetostearyl alcohol 28g

White petrolatum 50g

A

no not compatible with cationic compounds

19
Q

Analyze the following formulation: Can you add 10g of water to this formulation and if added what would be the result?

Sodium lauryl sulphate 2g

Cetostearyl alcohol 28g

White petrolatum 50g

A

Yes, water can be incorporated and will be emulsified by the emulsifying agents present in the base; at this small quantity of water a w/o emulsion will form

20
Q

What type of dermatological base can be used
On oozing and weeping dermatoses?

A

Liquids, pastes, o/w creams

21
Q

What type of dermatological base can be used
On dry scaly skin?

A

Ointments (all types), o/w and w/o creams, pastes, liquids

22
Q

What type of dermatological base can be used

A

Gels, liquids, o/w creams

Pharmaceutics (19 decks)

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