Exchanging Materials Flashcards

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1
Q

What ways do organisms exchange substances

A

Osmosis , Diffusion and Active Transport

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2
Q

What does SA : V stand for

A

Surface area to volume ratio

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3
Q

In a small object the SA : V ratio is ………

A

High

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4
Q

Why can’t bigger object use just diffusion

A

Gases and food can’t reach every cell

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5
Q

What Adaptations do cells have to exchange substances

A
  • A large surface area
  • Thin membrane
  • Sufficient blood supply
  • Ventilation
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6
Q

How does the Fitzroy river turtle breath underwater?

A
  • Has two large sacs in rear opening lined with finger folds for a large surface area
  • Has a rich blood supply
  • Rear opening pumps water in and out
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7
Q

What adaptations do humans have

A
  • Air moved in and out of long by breathing
  • Alveoli have a large surface area and blood supply
  • Villi of the small intestine provide a large surface area
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8
Q

What adaptations do fish have

A
  • Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the water and blood across the gills
  • Gills made of stacks of thin filaments
  • Have a constant flow of water over gills
  • They pump water over gills over a flap that covers the gills
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9
Q

What adaptations do plant roots have

A
  • Have a large surface area (due to root hair cells)
  • Water moves away from the roots in transpiration stream
  • Has a steep concentration gradient
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10
Q

What adaptations do leaves have

A
  • Have flat thin leaves which provide a large surface area (Also air sacs and stomata)
  • Have a steep concentration gradient
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