Excavation, Formworks, Scaffolding and Staging Flashcards
the digging and removal of earth from its natural position
excavation
ecavation characterized as having independent and hollow block wall footing
minor excavation
an excavation which requires wide or total extraction of the soil
major excavation
the process of providing temporary supports to the structure or ground during excavation
shoring
the process of rebuilding, strengthening or stabilising the foundation of an existing building
underpinning
these consist of steel cables or tendons that are inserted into holes pre-drilled through the sheet piling and into the rock or a suitable stratum of soil, grouted under pressure to anchor them to the rock soil, and post-tensioned with a hydraulic jack
tieback
part of the foundation system which provides support for the superstructure above to resist active earth pressure and anchor the superstructure against wind and seismic forces
foundation wall
serves as a sheeting and often used as a permanent foundation wall
slurry wall
a method of foundation system protection applied to a foundation wall when a subsoil conditions indicate that hydrostatic pressure will not occur
dampproffing
a system of temporary boarding, sheathing or pans used to produce the desired shape and size of concrete mass
formworks
boarding or sheeting of wood, metal, plastic, fiber glass for containing and giving a desired shape
form
a system of temporary platform to support workers and materials on the face of a structure and to provide access to work areas above ground
scaffoldings
temporary bracing for supporting work under construction which cannot yet support itself
falsework
a temporary platform for workers and the materials that the use in building structures
staging
a piece of timber to support a wall, usually set in a diagonal or oblique position to hold the wall in place temporarily
shore
a horizontal timber or steel beam for reinforcing various vertical members. also called breast timber,ranger, waler
wale
any variety of slotted devices for lightening formwork
wedge
a vertical support for aligning and reinforcing wales also called stiffback
strong back
a brace, usually wood for spacing and keeping wall or footing forma apart, also called spacer
spreader
a wood strip fixed to the inside face of a form or preventing the passage of newly paced concrete a construction joint
bulkheart
a clamping device for keeping column forms or the tops of wall forms from spreading under fluid pressure of newly paced concrete
yoke
material for lining the inner face of a form
formliner
a metal tie for keeping wall forms from spreading under the fluid pressure for newly placed concrete
form tie
a form tie having notches or crimps which allow its ends to be snapped off after stripping of the froms
snap tie
a form tie having cones at each end inside the forms which allow it to also serve as a spreader
cone bolt
a small, truncated cone of wood, steel or plastic attached to a form tie to space and spread wall forms
cone
a form tie consisting of waler rods which are inserted through the form and threaded onto the ends of an inner rod
she bolt
a device for supporting and holding steel reinforcement
chair
a tall chair for supporting top bars in a concrete beam or slab
high chair
a wide chair for supporting and spacing bottom bars in a concrete beam or slab
bolster
trademark for a brand of cylindrical column form
sonotube
a structure whose primarily function is to provide lateral support for soil or rock
retaining wall
