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I&E > Exanthem/ Enanthem infections > Flashcards

Exanthem/ Enanthem infections Flashcards

1
Q

Measles- Eti

A
  • Exanthem
  • Improper immunization
  • Resp droplets
  • Exposure 9-14 days
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2
Q

Measles- Sx

A
  • Prodrome- fever, cough, conjuntivitis, & coryza
  • Koplik spots (few to many white papillose on diffusely red base, buccal mucosa)
  • Maculopapular rash (hairline to trunk)
  • Desquamation
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3
Q

Measles- Dx

A
  • IgM antibody in serum
  • Ab fluorescence
  • PCR
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4
Q

Measles- Tx

A

Prevent!

- Supportive care, fever reduction

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5
Q

Rubella- Eti

A
  • Teratogenic
  • 80% subclinical
  • Resp secretions
  • 5 days before to 5 days after rash
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6
Q

Rubella- Sx

A
  • Maculopapular rash beginning on face, rapid spread to entire body
  • Gone on 4th day
  • Ocular pain, myalgia
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7
Q

Rubella- Dx

A
  • IgM titer
  • Serology
  • Vaccinate!
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8
Q

Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Eti

A
  • HPV B 19
  • Resp spread
  • Rash day 10-17
  • Age 5-15 yrs
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9
Q

Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Sx

A
  • Slapped cheek facies
  • Raised, fiery red maculopapular lesion on cheek
  • Spares circumoral region
  • Spreads to extensor surfaces
  • Lacelike pattern
  • Arthritis
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10
Q

Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Dx

A

Clinical

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11
Q

Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Tx

A

Supportive care

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12
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Eti

A
  • Primary infection with varicella-zoster

- Resp secretions & fomites

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13
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Sx

A
  • Red macules to vesicles
  • Dew drop on rose petal
  • Trunk & face
  • Intense pruritus
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14
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Dx

A

Florescent ab staining or rapid culture

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15
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Tx

A
  • Hydration
  • Acetaminophen
  • Acyclovir
  • Tx secondary infections
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16
Q

Roseola infantum- Eti

A
  • Benign
  • HHV 6 or HHV 7
  • 6 months - 3 years
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17
Q

Roseola infantum- Sx

A
  • Non-pruritic rose pink macules
  • Lethargy & irritability
  • Absent conjunctivitis & pharyngeal exudate
  • Fever
  • Bulging anterior fontanelle
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18
Q

Roseola infantum- Tx

A
  • Acetaminophen
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19
Q

Herpangina- Eti

A
  • Coksackie Group A virus
  • Enteroviruses
  • Summer & fall
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20
Q

Herpangina- Sx

A
  • 3mm ulcers, surrounded by halo on tonsil, palate & uvula
  • Spares anterior mouth
  • Fever, chills, HA, dysphagia & aches
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21
Q

Herpangina- Tx

A
  • Self resolves after several days

- Viscous lidocaine & antihistamine for pain

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22
Q

Herpangina- Dx

A
  • Clinical
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23
Q

Thrush- Eti

A
  • Candica albicans

- infants & older, debilitate children

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24
Q

Thrush- Sx

A
  • White, curd-like plaques

- Easily scraped off, reveal erythematous border

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25
Q

Thrush- Tx

A
  • Nystatin suspension

- Replace contaminates binkis

26
Q

Hand-foot-mouth disease- Eti

A
  • Enterovirus, coxsackie viruses

- 3-6 day incubation

27
Q

Hand-foot-mouth disease- Sx

A
  • Painful oral leasions on tounge, checks, hard palate
  • Bright pink macules to yellow/ grey erosions with erythematous halo
  • Cutaneous appear after oral
  • Football shaped
  • Low grade fever, sore throat
28
Q

Hand-foot-mouth disease- Tx

A
  • Supportive

- phosphodiesterase inhibitor

29
Q

Pityriasis rosea- Eti

A
  • Mild, acute inflammatory disease
  • Spring & fall
  • Lasts 6-8 wks
30
Q

Pityriasis rosea- sx

A
  • Herald patch
  • Fawn colored eruption in christmas tree distribution
  • Proximal extremities
  • Mild pruritis
31
Q

Pityriasis rosea- Tx

A
  • None, UVB lights or topical corticosteroids
32
Q

Roseola infantum- Eti

A
  • Benign
  • HHV 6 or HHV 7
  • 6 months - 4 years
  • Spring & autum peak
  • Mildly contageous
33
Q

Roseola infantum- Sx

A
  • High fever, drops after 3-4 days then rash.
  • Rash- centrifugal, trunk to extremities
  • Non-pruritic rose pink macules
  • Lethargy & irritability
  • Lymphadenopathy of head & neck
  • Absent conjunctivitis & pharyngeal exudate
  • Bulging anterior fontanelle
34
Q

Roseola infantum- Tx

A
  • Acetaminophen/ fever control

- Reassurance

35
Q

Pityriasis rosea- Tx

A
  • None, UVB lights or topical corticosteroids
36
Q

Roseola- Complications

A
  • Febrile seizures
  • Encephalitis
  • Multiorgan in immunocompromised
37
Q

Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Eti

A
  • Parvovirus B 19
  • Resp spread
  • Rash day 10-17
  • Age 5-15 yrs
  • Winter & spring
  • Mildly contagious, only before rash
38
Q

Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Sx

A
  • Slapped cheek facies
  • Raised, fiery red maculopapular lesion on cheek
  • Spares circumoral region, palms & soles
  • Spreads to extensor surfaces
  • Lacelike pattern
  • Arthritis
39
Q

Roseola- Complications

A
  • Febrile seizures
  • Encephalitis
  • Multiorgan in immunocompromised
40
Q

Erythema infectiosum (5th disease)- complications

A
  • Aplastic crisises- erythropoiesis
  • Anemia
  • Hydrops fetails- CHF, edema, ascites & hemolytic anemia
41
Q

Rubella- Eti

A
  • Teratogenic
  • Togavirus
  • 2-3 wk incubation
  • 80% subclinical
  • Resp secretions
  • 7 days before to 4 days after rash
42
Q

Rubella- Sx

A
  • Maculopapular rash beginning on face, rapid spread to entire body
  • Centripital (face to trunk spread)
  • Enanthum- of soft palate (petechia)
  • Gone on 4th day
  • Ocular pain, myalgia
43
Q

Rubella- Dx

A
  • IgM titer
  • Serology- 4 fold rise
  • Vaccinate!
44
Q

Erythema infectiosum (5th disease)- complications

A
  • Aplastic crisises- erythropoiesis
  • Anemia
  • Hydrops fetails- CHF, edema, ascites & hemolytic anemia
45
Q

Rubella- Tx

A

Symptomatic

46
Q

Rubella- Complications

A

Arthralgia & arthritis

47
Q

Measles- Eti

A
  • Exanthem
  • Highly contagious
  • Paramyxovirus
  • Improper immunization
  • Resp droplets
  • Exposure 9-14 days
48
Q

Measles- Sx

A
  • Prodrome- fever, cough, conjuntivitis, & coryza
  • Koplik spots (few to many white/ blue on diffusely red base, buccal mucosa)
  • Maculopapular rash (hairline to trunk)
  • High fever
  • Photophobia
  • Desquamation
49
Q

Measles- Dx

A
  • Clincal
  • IgM antibody in serum
  • Ab fluorescence
  • PCR
50
Q

Measles- Tx

A
  • Prevent!
  • Supportive care, fever reduction
  • Vaccine will prevent disease within 72 hrs
51
Q

Rubella- Complications

A

Arthralgia & arthritis

52
Q

Measles- Complications

A
  • Encephalitis

- Pneumonia

53
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Eti

A
  • Primary infection with varicella-zoster
  • Resp secretions & fomites
  • 5-10 yrs
  • Highly contagious
  • Incubation 10-21 days
54
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Sx

A
  • No prodrome
  • Red macules to vesicles
  • Dew drop on rose petal
  • Crusts and scabs
  • Trunk & face
  • Intense pruritis
55
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Dx

A
  • Florescent ab staining or rapid culture
  • Tzanck smear
  • Lesions in mouth, hair, nose
56
Q

Roseola infantum- Eti

A
  • Benign
  • HHV 6 or HHV 7
  • 6 months - 4 years
  • Spring & autumn peak
  • Mildly contagious
57
Q

Measles- Complications

A
  • Encephalitis

- Pneumonia

58
Q

Varicella- Complications

A
  • Secondary staph infections
  • Pneumonia
  • Uveitis, orchitis
  • Hemorrhagic
59
Q

Hand-foot-mouth disease- Eti

A
  • Enterovirus, coxsackie viruses
  • 4-6 day incubation
  • Infants & young children
  • Summer - fall
60
Q

Hand-foot-mouth disease- Sx

A
  • Painful oral lesions (aphthaelike) on tounge, checks, hard palate
  • Bright pink macules to yellow/ grey erosions with erythematous halo
  • Cutaneous appear after oral
  • Football shaped, pale white
  • Palms, soles, dorsal finger & toes
  • Low grade fever, sore throat
  • No prodrome
61
Q

Pityriasis rosea- sx

A
  • Herald patch, 1-2 wks prior
  • Fawn colored eruption in christmas tree distribution
  • Fine scaling (collarette) macules & papules
  • Proximal extremities
  • Up to 14 weeks
  • Mild pruritis
  • Exanthum
62
Q

Pityriasis rosea- Tx

A
  • None, UVB lights or topical corticosteroids

- Hard to distinguish from syphallis, test for at risk

I&E (12 decks)

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