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Exanthem/ Enanthem infections Flashcards

1
Q

Measles- Eti

A
  • Exanthem
  • Improper immunization
  • Resp droplets
  • Exposure 9-14 days
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2
Q

Measles- Sx

A
  • Prodrome- fever, cough, conjuntivitis, & coryza
  • Koplik spots (few to many white papillose on diffusely red base, buccal mucosa)
  • Maculopapular rash (hairline to trunk)
  • Desquamation
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3
Q

Measles- Dx

A
  • IgM antibody in serum
  • Ab fluorescence
  • PCR
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4
Q

Measles- Tx

A

Prevent!

- Supportive care, fever reduction

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5
Q

Rubella- Eti

A
  • Teratogenic
  • 80% subclinical
  • Resp secretions
  • 5 days before to 5 days after rash
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6
Q

Rubella- Sx

A
  • Maculopapular rash beginning on face, rapid spread to entire body
  • Gone on 4th day
  • Ocular pain, myalgia
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7
Q

Rubella- Dx

A
  • IgM titer
  • Serology
  • Vaccinate!
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8
Q

Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Eti

A
  • HPV B 19
  • Resp spread
  • Rash day 10-17
  • Age 5-15 yrs
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9
Q

Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Sx

A
  • Slapped cheek facies
  • Raised, fiery red maculopapular lesion on cheek
  • Spares circumoral region
  • Spreads to extensor surfaces
  • Lacelike pattern
  • Arthritis
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10
Q

Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Dx

A

Clinical

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11
Q

Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Tx

A

Supportive care

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12
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Eti

A
  • Primary infection with varicella-zoster

- Resp secretions & fomites

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13
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Sx

A
  • Red macules to vesicles
  • Dew drop on rose petal
  • Trunk & face
  • Intense pruritus
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14
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Dx

A

Florescent ab staining or rapid culture

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15
Q

Chicken pox (varicella)- Tx

A
  • Hydration
  • Acetaminophen
  • Acyclovir
  • Tx secondary infections
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16
Q

Roseola infantum- Eti

A
  • Benign
  • HHV 6 or HHV 7
  • 6 months - 3 years
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17
Q

Roseola infantum- Sx

A
  • Non-pruritic rose pink macules
  • Lethargy & irritability
  • Absent conjunctivitis & pharyngeal exudate
  • Fever
  • Bulging anterior fontanelle
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18
Q

Roseola infantum- Tx

A
  • Acetaminophen
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19
Q

Herpangina- Eti

A
  • Coksackie Group A virus
  • Enteroviruses
  • Summer & fall
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20
Q

Herpangina- Sx

A
  • 3mm ulcers, surrounded by halo on tonsil, palate & uvula
  • Spares anterior mouth
  • Fever, chills, HA, dysphagia & aches
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21
Q

Herpangina- Tx

A
  • Self resolves after several days

- Viscous lidocaine & antihistamine for pain

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22
Q

Herpangina- Dx

A
  • Clinical
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23
Q

Thrush- Eti

A
  • Candica albicans

- infants & older, debilitate children

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24
Q

Thrush- Sx

A
  • White, curd-like plaques

- Easily scraped off, reveal erythematous border

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25
Thrush- Tx
- Nystatin suspension | - Replace contaminates binkis
26
Hand-foot-mouth disease- Eti
- Enterovirus, coxsackie viruses | - 3-6 day incubation
27
Hand-foot-mouth disease- Sx
- Painful oral leasions on tounge, checks, hard palate - Bright pink macules to yellow/ grey erosions with erythematous halo - Cutaneous appear after oral - Football shaped - Low grade fever, sore throat
28
Hand-foot-mouth disease- Tx
- Supportive | - phosphodiesterase inhibitor
29
Pityriasis rosea- Eti
- Mild, acute inflammatory disease - Spring & fall - Lasts 6-8 wks
30
Pityriasis rosea- sx
- Herald patch - Fawn colored eruption in christmas tree distribution - Proximal extremities - Mild pruritis
31
Pityriasis rosea- Tx
- None, UVB lights or topical corticosteroids
32
Roseola infantum- Eti
- Benign - HHV 6 or HHV 7 - 6 months - 4 years - Spring & autum peak - Mildly contageous
33
Roseola infantum- Sx
- High fever, drops after 3-4 days then rash. - Rash- centrifugal, trunk to extremities - Non-pruritic rose pink macules - Lethargy & irritability - Lymphadenopathy of head & neck - Absent conjunctivitis & pharyngeal exudate - Bulging anterior fontanelle
34
Roseola infantum- Tx
- Acetaminophen/ fever control | - Reassurance
35
Pityriasis rosea- Tx
- None, UVB lights or topical corticosteroids
36
Roseola- Complications
- Febrile seizures - Encephalitis - Multiorgan in immunocompromised
37
Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Eti
- Parvovirus B 19 - Resp spread - Rash day 10-17 - Age 5-15 yrs - Winter & spring - Mildly contagious, only before rash
38
Erythema infectious (5th disease)- Sx
- Slapped cheek facies - Raised, fiery red maculopapular lesion on cheek - Spares circumoral region, palms & soles - Spreads to extensor surfaces - Lacelike pattern - Arthritis
39
Roseola- Complications
- Febrile seizures - Encephalitis - Multiorgan in immunocompromised
40
Erythema infectiosum (5th disease)- complications
- Aplastic crisises- erythropoiesis - Anemia - Hydrops fetails- CHF, edema, ascites & hemolytic anemia
41
Rubella- Eti
- Teratogenic - Togavirus - 2-3 wk incubation - 80% subclinical - Resp secretions - 7 days before to 4 days after rash
42
Rubella- Sx
- Maculopapular rash beginning on face, rapid spread to entire body - Centripital (face to trunk spread) - Enanthum- of soft palate (petechia) - Gone on 4th day - Ocular pain, myalgia
43
Rubella- Dx
- IgM titer - Serology- 4 fold rise - Vaccinate!
44
Erythema infectiosum (5th disease)- complications
- Aplastic crisises- erythropoiesis - Anemia - Hydrops fetails- CHF, edema, ascites & hemolytic anemia
45
Rubella- Tx
Symptomatic
46
Rubella- Complications
Arthralgia & arthritis
47
Measles- Eti
- Exanthem - Highly contagious - Paramyxovirus - Improper immunization - Resp droplets - Exposure 9-14 days
48
Measles- Sx
- Prodrome- fever, cough, conjuntivitis, & coryza - Koplik spots (few to many white/ blue on diffusely red base, buccal mucosa) - Maculopapular rash (hairline to trunk) - High fever - Photophobia - Desquamation
49
Measles- Dx
- Clincal - IgM antibody in serum - Ab fluorescence - PCR
50
Measles- Tx
- Prevent! - Supportive care, fever reduction - Vaccine will prevent disease within 72 hrs
51
Rubella- Complications
Arthralgia & arthritis
52
Measles- Complications
- Encephalitis | - Pneumonia
53
Chicken pox (varicella)- Eti
- Primary infection with varicella-zoster - Resp secretions & fomites - 5-10 yrs - Highly contagious - Incubation 10-21 days
54
Chicken pox (varicella)- Sx
- No prodrome - Red macules to vesicles - Dew drop on rose petal - Crusts and scabs - Trunk & face - Intense pruritis
55
Chicken pox (varicella)- Dx
- Florescent ab staining or rapid culture - Tzanck smear - Lesions in mouth, hair, nose
56
Roseola infantum- Eti
- Benign - HHV 6 or HHV 7 - 6 months - 4 years - Spring & autumn peak - Mildly contagious
57
Measles- Complications
- Encephalitis | - Pneumonia
58
Varicella- Complications
- Secondary staph infections - Pneumonia - Uveitis, orchitis - Hemorrhagic
59
Hand-foot-mouth disease- Eti
- Enterovirus, coxsackie viruses - 4-6 day incubation - Infants & young children - Summer - fall
60
Hand-foot-mouth disease- Sx
- Painful oral lesions (aphthaelike) on tounge, checks, hard palate - Bright pink macules to yellow/ grey erosions with erythematous halo - Cutaneous appear after oral - Football shaped, pale white - Palms, soles, dorsal finger & toes - Low grade fever, sore throat - No prodrome
61
Pityriasis rosea- sx
- Herald patch, 1-2 wks prior - Fawn colored eruption in christmas tree distribution - Fine scaling (collarette) macules & papules - Proximal extremities - Up to 14 weeks - Mild pruritis - Exanthum
62
Pityriasis rosea- Tx
- None, UVB lights or topical corticosteroids | - Hard to distinguish from syphallis, test for at risk

I&E (12 decks)

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