Examplify 6

Question 1

prominent nuclei suggest that

Answer 1

there is a high rate of transcription of DNA

Question 2

what is an anapaestic tumour

Answer 2

one that is very poorly differentiated

Question 3

common characteristic of sarcoma

Answer 3

commonly metastasise via the blood stream

Question 4

type of growth of a benign tumour

Answer 4

exophytic

Question 5

exophytic

Answer 5

growth out from a. surface (indicates tumour is no inverse)

Question 6

type of growth fo a malignant tumour

Answer 6

endophytic - tending to grow inward into tissues in fingerlike projections from a superficial site of origin

Question 7

most frequent cancer to occur in women in the UK

Answer 7

breast

Question 8

most frequent cancer to occur in men in the UK

Answer 8

prostate

Question 9

which of the following is considered to be an enabling feature of cancer rather than an hallmark fo cancer?

angiogenesis
cell imortalisation
genetic instability
resistance to apoptosis
self-sufficiency in growth signals

Answer 9

genetic instability

allows DNA mutations to occur and be propagated but is not a defining biological capability of malignancy

Question 10

approx what % of cancers are due to extrinsic factors

Answer 10

85%

Question 11

which of the following malignancy to be related to infection with a virus

cholangiocarcinoma
gastric adenocarcinoma]multiple myelma
squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder
T cell leukaemia

Answer 11

T-cell leukaemia

Question 12

pagets disease of the bone is often associated with

Answer 12

osteosarcoma

Question 13

what is pagets disease

Answer 13

Paget’s disease of bone interferes with your body’s normal recycling process, in which new bone tissue gradually replaces old bone tissue. Over time, the disease can cause affected bones to become fragile and misshapen. Paget’s disease of bone most commonly occurs in the pelvis, skull, spine and legs

Question 14

which gene is affected In familial adenomatous polyposis

Answer 14

APC

adenomatous polyposis colon

Question 15

function of caretaker genes

Answer 15

DNA repair

Question 16

infection with schistosomiasis is known to be a risk factor for the development of which type of bladder cancer

Answer 16

squamous cell carcinoma