Example 123 Flashcards
What are remittances and why are they important?
Remittances are money sent home by migrants and are a significant source of income for many societies. In 2021, global remittances are projected to reach $642 billion USD. They accounted for more than 10% of GDP in 30 countries in 2020 and 9.3% of the Philippines’ GDP in 2019.
How do labour flows contribute to prosperity in certain states?
States like Qatar and Singapore depend on migrant labor for their prosperity. Many businesses and institutions have located their Asia-Pacific head offices in Singapore, leading to a diverse foreign workforce and international schools in the country.
How does foreign direct investment (FDI) contribute to the growth of economies?
Asian ‘tiger’ economies have experienced higher incomes due to FDI from countries like the US, Europe, and Japan. This has led to the emergence of a “new global middle class” and poverty reduction. Capital inflows have played a crucial role in achieving this growth.
How do countries benefit from capital flows related to Transnational Corporations (TNCs)?
Countries where TNCs have their headquarters benefit from global interdependency.
How do lending practices by organizations like the IMF and World Bank impact interdependency?
Lending to countries can lead to positive outcomes. For instance, the World Bank lent Laos money to build a dam, which now generates hydroelectric power and contributes to Laos’ income. This fosters interdependency and benefits multiple countries.
How does information flow contribute to interdependency?
Access to mobile internet services, even in developing countries, is transforming lives. Small businesses in Kenya thrive due to smartphone apps, and global data networks improve people’s quality of life while fostering global interdependency.
How can the repatriation of profits by TNCs impact developing countries?
Repatriation of profits by TNCs to their home countries can limit the benefits experienced by developing countries hosting their operations, potentially leading to wealth inequality and limited local economic growth.
What environmental issue is associated with rapid urbanization and industrialization in certain countries?
Chinese cities suffer from air pollution, reducing life expectancy by up to five years, as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO).
How does worker exploitation relate to globalization?
Critics argue that globalization has led to the export of unethical workplace practices to developing countries, resulting in dangerous working conditions, particularly in countries like Bangladesh, Vietnam, and India.
What is the concept of brain drain in relation to migration?
Brain drain refers to the loss of skilled workers from developing countries due to international migration. This phenomenon can lead to a loss of expertise and impact the economy of the source country.
How can migration impact developing countries positively in terms of skills and knowledge?
Migration can benefit developing countries if migrants send back remittances or return home with new skills and knowledge acquired abroad.
What are some contemporary patterns of global migration?
Current patterns of global migration involve dynamic flows of people between countries, regions, and continents. This includes various types of migration such as labor, family reunification, education, and humanitarian reasons.
What is the significance of the proportion of female migrants in international migration?
There has been an increase in the proportion of female migrants, contributing to changing demographic patterns of migration.
How many international migrants were estimated to be living in high-income countries in 2020?
In 2020, there were 281 million international migrants worldwide, with 63% of them living in high-income countries.
Can you describe the West Africa-North Africa-Europe migration corridor?
This migration corridor involves people moving from West African countries like Nigeria, Ghana, and Senegal to North African countries like Libya and Algeria, and then on to Europe, primarily Italy and Spain.
