Adaptation - Bangladesh (LIDC)

Question 1

1. How has Bangladesh implemented the adaptation strategy of retreat?

Answer 1

The World Bank has funded the construction of 224 cyclone shelters in Bangladesh, which serve as safe havens during cyclones and other extreme weather events.

Question 2

2. How has Bangladesh implemented the adaptation strategy of “protect”?

Answer 2

To protect vulnerable coastal areas, the World Bank has also provided funding for the repair and maintenance of 387 kilometers of embankments. These embankments act as barriers against tidal flooding and help prevent the intrusion of saltwater into farmland and settlements. Additionally, the preservation and restoration of mangroves serve as a natural storm surge barrier, offering protection against coastal erosion and enhancing the resilience of coastal communities.

Question 3

3. What are examples of the adaptation strategy of “accommodate” in Bangladesh?

Answer 3

In response to increased saline intrusion in coastal farmland, many farmers in Bangladesh have adapted by switching to cultivating shrimp, crab, and fish, which can tolerate saltwater conditions. This shift in agricultural practices helps ensure food security and sustains income generation for coastal communities. Additionally, the cultivation of salt-tolerant rice varieties like BR-11 allows farmers to continue rice production despite high soil salinity..

Question 4

4. What are some socio-economic challenges associated with adaptation in Bangladesh?

Answer 4

Bangladesh faces significant socio-economic challenges in implementing adaptation measures. As a low-income developing country with a per capita income of around $7,000 in 2023, there are limited financial resources available for adaptation initiatives. The high costs associated with implementing and maintaining adaptation measures pose significant challenges, especially considering the constant threat of natural disasters in the region. The need for continuous funding for maintenance and upgrades further strains the financial capacity of the country.

Question 5

5. What are some technological challenges related to adaptation in Bangladesh?

Answer 5

Bangladesh faces technological challenges in the implementation of adaptation strategies. Many adaptation measures, such as embankments and cyclone shelters, are susceptible to damage during extreme weather events. The effectiveness of these measures can be compromised if they are not constructed and maintained to withstand the full force of cyclones and storm surges. Moreover, the adaptation strategies in agriculture, such as shifting to cash crops or salt-tolerant varieties, may have implications for overall crop yields and food security, requiring careful planning and consideration.

Question 6

6. What are some political challenges associated with adaptation in Bangladesh?

Answer 6

Bangladesh faces political challenges in adaptation efforts, including issues related to state sovereignty and NGO intervention. The involvement of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in adaptation initiatives can sometimes be seen as a threat to state sovereignty. Additionally, Bangladesh ranks 147th in the world in terms of corruption, highlighting the need for transparent and effective governance to ensure the proper allocation of resources and the successful implementation of adaptation measures.