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EXAMMMM 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Elizabeth I

A

england defeated spanish armada under rule (made England most powerful country by gaining territory)

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2
Q

Louis XIV

A

sun king - built versailles one of the wonders of the world

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3
Q

NZINGA

A

allied against Portugal to save people from slavery

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4
Q

Suleiman I

A

created centralized legal system for ottoman empire known as lawgiver

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5
Q

Akbar I

A

bought Hindus Into empire (Religious tolerence)

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6
Q

Kangxi Emporer

A

first person to include the Jesuit - religious tolerence

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7
Q

Tokugawa Ieyasu

A

he regulated military (shogunate) and trade
restored world piece to Japan

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8
Q

Desideratus Eramus

A

encouraged/voiced people to follow New Testemant (st paul)

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9
Q

Thomas More

A

wrote Utopia-book how London isnt an ideal society and what an ideal society looks like

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10
Q

petrarch

A

father of humanism
found humanism during italian rennissance (study of humans)

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11
Q

dante alighieri

A

transformed books into italian language

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12
Q

miguel de cervantes

A

wrote best modern novel of all time (don quixote)
created concept of modern novel

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13
Q

christine de pisan

A

abolished gender stereotypes (feminism)

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14
Q

William Shakespere

A

helped create grammar and how to connect words in english language

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15
Q

Explain the causes of the Reformation

A

The reformation was a combination of several factors:
dissatisfaction with the Catholic Church,

popes and bishops were demonstrating an increasing abuse of spiritual power for political gain;

Henry VIII’s desire to obtain a divorce and the Catholic Church’s refusal to grant him one

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16
Q

Explain major issues that resulted from the Reformation

A

spanish lost control over portugal and netherlands
modern nation state concept
more modern boundaries
citizens undercontrol of the state
loss of catholic church power
splintering of protestism
witch hunts
concept of “other” nationalism
catholic - counter reformations

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17
Q

describe the lifestyle of major pre-Columbian indigenous tribes of the Americas

A

hunter gatherers, polytheistic, ranks, social classes, temples, pottery, human sacrifices, technology

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18
Q

Compare and contrast the lifestyle of pre-Columbian indigenous tribes of the Americas and the lifestyle of Europeans during the same period

A

Indigenous tribes had human sacrifices, polytheism animal worship, hunting/farming/gathering, bone/stone/wood, pottery, temples

Europeans believed in individual land ownership, male-dominated households, and exclusive Christian,catholic worship

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19
Q

Explain the inspirations and new techniques that created Renaissance art (art packet)

A

A
Inspirations: greco-roman art, daily life, science
techniques: using geometry to make ratio proportions, human dissection

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20
Q

Define a forced labor system

A

Involuntary, working for another person/ group, limited or no rights, limited or no pay/benefits

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21
Q

Compare and contrast the lifestyle of pre-Columbian indigenous tribes of the Americas
Hopewell/Adena/Mound Builders:

A

located along Ohio River
No written language
Advanced art and sculpture, used metal and clay
Weapons and tools made of stone and bones

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22
Q

Mississippi Tribe:
Compare and contrast the lifestyle of pre-Columbian indigenous tribes of the Americas

A

Mississippi Tribe:
Located along Mississippi river
Lived in huts made of grass and wood
Heavy on fishing
Weapons and tools made of stone and bones
No written language
Body modification

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23
Q

Anasazi
Compare and contrast the lifestyle of pre-Columbian indigenous tribes of the Americas

A

Located in New Mexico / Arizona
City made of clay stone houses
farming limited
tools made of bone and Stone
could weave baskets
maze, squash, dried beans were the three main crops; 3 sisters, bc rely on each other

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24
Q

Teotihuacan
Compare and contrast the lifestyle of pre-Columbian indigenous tribes of the Americas

A

in central Mexico
monarchy King
ancestors of Aztec
colorful vibrant art
had hierarchy
body modifications

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25
Q

Maya
Compare and contrast the lifestyle of pre-Columbian indigenous tribes of the Americas

A

Central America
Monarchy
social hierarchy
Written language hieroglyphs
Advanced science and math
agriculture based

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26
Q

Compare and contrast African on African, Muslim, Chinese and European slave systems
african on african

A

African on African:
Had existed for hundred of years
Only private property in african culture
Became symbol of power: more slaves=more status
men=heavy physical labor, women=family jobs
Less violent than trans-atlantic slavery

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27
Q

Compare and contrast African on African, Muslim, Chinese and European slave systems
muslim

A

Muslim traders were the earliest non african slaves in Africa
Gained through raids and sales from West-African Kings (Dahomey tribe)
Also kidnap Europeans for sale to Middle East and Asia
first to base slavery on race

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28
Q

Compare and contrast African on African, Muslim, Chinese and European slave systems
chinese

A

Males slaves only, called eunuchs
used to watch Kings harem
became powerful advisors to King

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29
Q

Define and provide examples of syncretism caused by the Age of Exploration

A

Blending of 2 cultures or religions into something new
creole and gullah
hatian
jazz ragtime rockn roll
creole
tex mex

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30
Q

Sieur de la Salle

A

claimed land along rivers

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31
Q

Pedro Cabral

A

claimed Brazil for Portugal (to colonize)

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32
Q

Henry Hudson

A

trade along river

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33
Q

Francisco Pizarro

A

conquered Inca

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34
Q

Vasco Balboa

A

1st Europeans to see the Pacific Ocean

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35
Q

Vasco da Gama

A

brought Portugal Asian spices and sea routes

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36
Q

Samuel de Champlain

A

founded Quebec -) base for new France

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37
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

first to circumnavigate the world

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38
Q

Hernando Cortez

A

Conquered Aztec Empire

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39
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

1st European to find the Americas -) European Colonization

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40
Q

Forced Labor Systems Increased:
effect

A

affected the old world by increasing labor systems/demands, this solidified economic reliance on slavery

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41
Q

Destruction of Native Populations effect

A

affected New World bc European colonization of the Anericas resulted in Killing so many native people it Transformed The environment and caused the Earth’s Climate to go down

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42
Q

intermarriage between Europeans and locals: effecg

A

Affected old world because it provided economic and social benefits to Europeans and euro-american explorers also these marriages served as a powerful political tool in contested Borderlands far from Imperial centers

43
Q

New food improved nutrition effect

A

the introduction of new food like corn, potatoes, and beans, had a large effect on the old world’s food supply this increased population growth in Europe Asia Africa and more due to the high nutritional values of these crops

44
Q

spread of diseases: effect

A

in general spreading of diseases affected the old and the new world because diseases decimated some populations and completely destroyed others, lots of diseases took out / heavily affected most American native populations

45
Q

spread of Christianity: effect

A

the spread of Christian Gospel began to influence Pagan Rome from polytheism to monotheism

46
Q

invasive species:

effect

A

affected the old and new world because they are capable of causing extinctions of native plants or animals, reducing biodiversity, competing with Native organisms for limited resources, and altering habitats

47
Q

new religions that Blended Christianity and local religions:

A

affected the old world because helped create cultural compromise it also helped Roman emperors unite the expanding Empire

48
Q

cause Prince Henry the Navigator

A

led to the exploration because he built a navigation school on the Atlantic coast where Sailors learned to navigate a course by the stars and technological tools such as a magnetic compass for measuring latitude

49
Q

Muslims controlling Indian Ocean trade: cause

Muslims controlling Indian Ocean trade: cause

A

led to exploration because wealth and variety of goods LED European explorers to attempt a western route to China which led to the discovery of the Americas by Europeans

50
Q

improved cartography cause

A

improved cartography: led to exploration because better Maps allowed Traders and explorers to build on the success of their predecessors more quickly and easily

51
Q

new ships cause

A

new ships: led to exploration because they were more stable on the open ocean and could carry enough men and food to be a ship of exploration

52
Q

Ming China became isolationist: cause

A

explorers had to search to find other places to trade with because China would no longer trade with them so led to exploration

53
Q

magnetic compass:cause

A

led to exploration because it was crucial for Sailors to know the direction they were going which made for a more efficient and safer voyage

54
Q

need for land: cause

A

led to exploration because people want a new land with different resources and they wanted to spread christianity, so they looked for new land therefore meaning they explored new places

55
Q

Lateen sail: cause

A

led to exploration because it enabled whole new worlds of agility, opportunity, and comments. sailors could shape trading routes from port to port and ventured to open ocean.

56
Q

tobacco good

A

became a game changer in medicene at the time
atlantic

57
Q

slaves good

A

global trade
disrupted societry in africa, europe, and americas were forcing cheap labor on many

58
Q

sugar good

A

atlantic
used in food, medieceme, sweetener
Britain lost the 13 colonies due to protecting sugar islands

59
Q

furs

A

fur trade cause europenans to colonize and do exploration

60
Q

cacao beans good

A

atlantic
became very popular for food and drinks

61
Q

good opium

A

indian ocean
mediecene, brought smoking to china/japan, british taxed opium

62
Q

good spices

A

indian ocean
caused uprise in slaves to pay for spices because very expensive

63
Q

good tea

A

indian ocean
became taxed and people mad so boston tea party

64
Q

silver goods

A

indian ocean
helped form trade and exchange of goods

65
Q

ivory goods

A

indian ocean trade
able to be raded for cloth, valuable stuff

66
Q

geometry

art

A

takes humans and puts them in geometric shape to have ratios and brings symmetry and balance
find shapes

67
Q

vanishing point

A

where lines of a sign come together in a point then disappear
used to make art 3D

know how to do find straight lines and stuff

68
Q

contrapposto

A

a sculpture technique: the angle of the shoulders and hips go in opposite directions: makes sculpture have a naturaul relaxed pose
know how to draw: line then line then curve

69
Q

red

A

lust sex

70
Q

purple

A

royalty

71
Q

green

A

fertility, younger

72
Q

white

A

pure innocent

73
Q

dog

A

loyalty, faithful

74
Q

oranges

A

fertility, children

75
Q

candle lit/unlit

A

lit: life
unlit: death

76
Q

whisk broom

A

female loyalty to home

77
Q

shoes off

A

male loyalty

78
Q

apple

A

temptation, sin

79
Q

white horse

A

freedom strength

80
Q

draw and label columbian exchange

A

New World on left (americas)
Old World on right (Afro-Eurasia)

old to new world:
livestock: cattle, sheep, pig, horses
grains: wheat, rice, oats, barley
diseases: smallpox, measies, influencia
tech.: gunpowder, iron, wheel

new to old world:
cashcrops: tobacco, cacao, fur
nutricious food: potatoes, squash, beans
naturaul resources: animals, wood, gold

81
Q

Indentured servitude

A

forced labor system
between Europe colonies and Americas
Involuntary
parents told children to pay off debts or sold selves to pay off own debt
set number of years for master and in this would learn skill or trade in these years (once years done could make use skill in job)

82
Q

Mit’a System

A

Practiced in Spanish colonies
used former Inca system
dangerous mind work
most famous silver mine in Peru (Potosi)

83
Q

Encomienda

A

Used in Spanish America’s against the indigenous people
Consider Spanish, were treated like spanish citizens, had duty to convert them to christianity
heavy physical labor
Distance from king and queen in spain allowed spanish to mistreat the natives since there was no good way to stop mistreatment

84
Q

white slavery

A

used to be Islamic Empires
Barbary Pirates
terrorize ships and in mediterranean sea
physical labor
ended by Thomas Jefferson
Ottoman Empire
Islamic empire
woman were sex slaves
Took men and women of all ages
Janissaries: Young boys taken to Ottoman Empire that were converted to Muslim and trained in military

85
Q

explaine causes and effect of columbian exchange on both worlds

A

what both worlds recieved

86
Q

explain the economic and socio-cultural impacts of trans Atlantic slavery

A

european economies began to grow due to the exploration of the slaves

contributed to the development of industries (ship, building finance)

this led to displacment and forced migration of Africans resulting in loss of cultural heritege and diverse communitees

87
Q

martin luther

A

repedeatly apposed catholic church ideals and was the kickstarter of the reformation, wrote the 95 theses

88
Q

desideratus erasmus

A

a Dutch humanist scholar considered one of the greatest thinkers of the Renaissance

89
Q

aztec

A

people who in the 15th and early 16th centuries ruled a large empire in what is now central and southern Mexico.

90
Q

Syncretism

A

blending of 2 cultures into something new

91
Q

VouDou and Santeria

A

sycretic religion combo of ctholic and West African

92
Q

indulgences

A

payment to catholic church to receive full or partial remission of punishment for sins.

93
Q

interdict

A

powerful Catholic Church forbidding a person or place, and sometimes even an entire country, from receiving church privileges or participating in church functions
\
the withholding of certain sacraments and clerical offices from certain persons and even territories, usually to enforce some type of obedience.

94
Q

excommunication

A

to cut off from communion with a church or exclude from the sacraments of a church by ecclesiastical sentence.

95
Q

filippo buonarroti

A

french writer, one of the radicals who sought to turn the French Revolution into a profound transformation of society

96
Q

Leonardo da Vinci, The Vitruvian Man

A

geometric circle guy doing jumping jacks

97
Q

girl sitting portrait

A

Leonardo da Vinci, Mona Lisa

98
Q

many sitting at table dinner, long table

A

Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper

99
Q

man reaching for older, old man with heart abound him

A

Michelangelo, The Creation of Adam - Sistine Chapel

100
Q

many standing or sitting on steps in nice building center is three men

A

Raphael, School of Athens

101
Q

men in black clothing and girl in green, innocent, holding hands, getting married

A

Jan Van Eyck, Arnolfini Wedding

102
Q

sculpture with hat holding pole, smaller, black

A

Donatello, David

103
Q

guy standing in relaxed position, naked

A

Michelangelo, David

World History (11 decks)

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