examen sep-oxt

Question 1

The variety of life around the earth.

Answer 1

Biodiversity or biological diversity

Question 2

A particular type of living things that can reproduce by interbreeding among them.

Answer 2

Species

Question 3

Is the scientific study of all forms of life

Answer 3

Biology

Question 4

Is any individual living thing

Answer 4

organism

Question 5

Is the basic unit of life

Answer 5

cell

Question 6

Are all the living things and all the places they are found on Earth.

Answer 6

Biosphere

Question 7

Are all of the chemical processes that make up or break down different materials.

Answer 7

metabolism

Question 8

the genetic material of all organisms

Answer 8

deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA

Question 9

an organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole

Answer 9

system

Question 10

is a physical environment with different species that interact with one another and with nonliving things.

Answer 10

Emcosystem

Question 11

the maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism

Answer 11

homoestasis

Question 12

is the change of living things over time

Answer 12

Evolution

Question 13

An inherited trait that gives an advantage to an individual organisms and is passed to future generations.

Answer 13

Adaptation

Question 14

is using our senses for studying the world

Answer 14

observation

Question 15

observations can also be recorded as ___________

Answer 15

Data

Question 16

Is a proposed answer for a scientific question

Answer 16

hypotesis

Question 17

In ___________ scientists study factors called dependent and independent variables

Answer 17

experiments

Question 18

is an experiment condition that is manipulated by a scientist

Answer 18

independent variable

Question 19

are observed and measured during the experiment

Answer 19

dependent variables

Question 20

the conditions that do not change during an experiment

Answer 20

constant

Question 21

is a proposed explanation for a wide range of observations

Answer 21

theory

Question 22

is an attraction between slightly positive hydrogen atom and slightly negative atom often oxygen or nitrogen

Answer 22

hydrogen bond

Question 23

what are the 3 important properties of water made by hydrogen bonds?

Answer 23

adhesion,cohesion and, high specific heat

Question 24

is the attraction among molecules on a substance

Answer 24

cohesion

Question 25

is the attraction of molecules on different substances

Answer 25

adhesion

Question 26

what is the conditions for ions and molecules for taking part of chemical reactions on a cell?

Answer 26

that they can dissolve on water

Question 27

is a mixture of substances that is the same throughout

Answer 27

a solution

Question 28

is the one that is in greater amount and that dissolves the other

Answer 28

the solvent

Question 29

is the amount of solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent

Answer 29

solution's concentration

Question 30

is a compound that releases a proton

Answer 30

an acid

Question 31

are the substances that remove H+ ions of a solution

Answer 31

bases

Question 32

how are the solution's acidity or H+ ion concentration measured

Answer 32

by the Ph scale

Question 33

how is usually called the carbon atom?

Answer 33

the building block of life

Question 34

why its so important carbon atom?

Answer 34

because its atomic structure gives it bonding properties that are unique among elements

Question 35

what are the 3 fundamental structures of the carbon atoms?

Answer 35

straight chains,rings, and branched chains

Question 36

how is called the subunit of a complete molecule?

Answer 36

monomer

Question 37

is a large molecule or a macromolecule made of many monomers bonded together

Answer 37

polymers

Question 38

are the 4 types of carbon based molecules

Answer 38

carbohydrates,lipids,proteins,and nucleic acids

Question 39

is a molecule made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen

Answer 39

carbohydrates

Question 40

what are the most basic carbohydrates?

Answer 40

simple sugars and monosacchrides

Question 41

are nonpolar molecules that include fats oils and cholesterol

Answer 41

lipids

Question 42

in what consists both vegetal oils and fat oils

Answer 42

on glycerol

Question 43

are chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms

Answer 43

Fatty acids

Question 44

in what consists a phospholipid

Answer 44

an of glycerol fatty acids an a phosphate group

Question 45

is a lipid that has a ring structure

Answer 45

cholesterol

Question 46

is a part of cell membranes and your body uses it for make chemicals named steroid hormones

Answer 46

cholesterol

Question 47

are the most varied of the carbon based molecules in organisms

Answer 47

proteins

Question 48

is a polymer made of monomers called amino acids

Answer 48

proteins

Question 49

amino acids form covalent bonds called ______________

Answer 49

peptide bonds

Question 50

through peptide bonds amino acids are linked into chains called ________________

Answer 50

polypeptides

Question 51

is one or more plypeptides

Answer 51

a protein

Question 52

the specific sequence of amino acids determines _______________________

Answer 52

protein's structure and function

Question 53

where are detailed instructions for building proteins stored?

Answer 53

in extremely long carbon based molecules called nucleic acids

Question 54

what are the 2 general types of nucleic acids?

Answer 54

DNA and RNA

Question 55

when does the compound microscope was invented and who unvented it?

Answer 55

in late 1500's | Zacharias Jenssen

Question 56

when by who and how were the cells discovered?

Answer 56

in 1665 by Robert Hooke examining slices of cork with a three lens compound microscope

Question 57

who invented a one lense microscope more powerful than Hook's

Answer 57

Leeuwenhoek

Question 58

What made Leuweenhoek rather than making that powerful microscope?

Answer 58

he was one pf the first person who described the LIVING cells

Question 59

who and when proposed that plants were made of cells?

Answer 59

Matthias Schleiden in 1838

Question 60

who and when proposed the cell theory?

Answer 60

by Theodor Schwann in 1839

Question 61

by who and when was reported that cells come from other cells?

Answer 61

in 1855 by Rudolf Virchow

Question 62

what are the principles of the cell theory?

Answer 62

All organisms are made of cells All existing cells come from other living cells The cell is the most basic unit of life

Question 63

by what is enclosed the cell and controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell?

Answer 63

the cell membrane

Question 64

is a jelly-like substance that contains dissolved molecular building blocks

Answer 64

cytoplasm

Question 65

are structures specialized to perform distinct processes within a cell

Answer 65

organelles

Question 66

how can be speared the types of cells

Answer 66

in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Question 67

the type of cell that do not have any organelle

Answer 67

prokaryotic cell

Question 68

it does have a nucleus or any other organelle

Answer 68

eukaryotic cell