Exam2 Cell Membrane Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

A

To protect the cell and regulate what enters and exits.

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2
Q

What is the basic structure of the cell membrane?

A

A phospholipid bilayer.

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The hydrophilic heads of phospholipids face _____.

A

outward, toward the water.

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4
Q

What is the role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

A

To maintain membrane fluidity.

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5
Q

What term describes the selective permeability of the cell membrane?

A

Fluid mosaic model.

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6
Q

True or False: Carbohydrates on the cell membrane play a role in cell recognition.

A

True

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7
Q

What is the process by which molecules move across the membrane without energy?

A

Passive transport.

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8
Q

Fill in the blank: Active transport requires _____ to move substances against their concentration gradient.

A

energy (ATP).

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9
Q

What is endocytosis?

A

The process by which cells take in substances by engulfing them.

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10
Q

What is exocytosis?

A

The process by which cells expel materials in vesicles.

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11
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of transport does NOT require energy? A) Active transport B) Facilitated diffusion C) Osmosis D) Both B and C

A

D) Both B and C

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12
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

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13
Q

True or False: Ion channels are a type of integral protein that facilitates the passive transport of ions.

A

True

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14
Q

What are glycoproteins?

A

Proteins with carbohydrate chains attached that are involved in cell recognition.

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: The cell membrane is described as a _____ because of its flexible nature.

A

fluid structure.

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16
Q

What is the significance of the term ‘mosaic’ in the fluid mosaic model?

A

It refers to the patchwork of diverse protein molecules embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.

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17
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following molecules can easily pass through the lipid bilayer? A) Water B) Glucose C) Ions D) Proteins

A

A) Water

18
Q

What role do aquaporins play in the cell membrane?

A

They facilitate the transport of water molecules.

19
Q

True or False: The fluid mosaic model was proposed in the 1970s.

A

True

20
Q

What is the difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

A

Diffusion does not require a protein, while facilitated diffusion does.

21
Q

Fill in the blank: The movement of solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is called _____

A

diffusion.

22
Q

What is a concentration gradient?

A

A difference in the concentration of a substance across a space.

23
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of solution causes a cell to swell? A) Isotonic B) Hypertonic C) Hypotonic

A

C) Hypotonic

24
Q

What is the primary component of the cell membrane?

A

Phospholipids.

25
Q

True or False: The cell membrane is rigid and does not change shape.

A

False

26
Q

What is the role of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?

A

To provide structural support and assist in signaling.

27
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a protective barrier that separates the interior of the cell from the external environment.

A

cell membrane.

28
Q

What does the term ‘selectively permeable’ mean?

A

It allows certain substances to pass while blocking others.

29
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of passive transport? A) Phagocytosis B) Pinocytosis C) Simple diffusion D) All of the above

A

C) Simple diffusion

30
Q

What is the role of membrane potential?

A

To create a voltage difference across the membrane, affecting cell signaling.

31
Q

True or False: Lipid-soluble substances can easily pass through the cell membrane.

A

True

32
Q

What is a receptor protein?

A

A protein that binds to specific molecules (ligands) and initiates a cellular response.

33
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ model describes the arrangement of molecules within the cell membrane.

A

fluid mosaic.

34
Q

What role do steroids play in the cell membrane?

A

They help to regulate fluidity and stability.

35
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of transport moves substances down their concentration gradient? A) Active transport B) Passive transport C) Both A and B

A

B) Passive transport

36
Q

What is the function of the cytoskeleton in relation to the cell membrane?

A

It provides structural support and helps maintain cell shape.

37
Q

True or False: All cells have a cell membrane.

A

True

38
Q

What is the role of signal transduction in the cell membrane?

A

To relay signals from the outside of the cell to the inside.

39
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the outer boundary of the cell.

A

cell membrane.

40
Q

What is the significance of membrane fluidity?

A

It allows for the movement and function of proteins and lipids within the membrane.

41
Q

What is the role of membrane carbohydrates?

A

They play a key role in cell-cell recognition and communication.