Exam1- LFTs Flashcards
portal triad?
common bile duct
hepatic artery
portal vein
liver
- makes the protein ? and most ?
- metabolizes?
- converts nitrogenous waste to?
- stores?
- breaks down?
albumin, clotting factors bile urea glucose as glycogen hormones (chronic liver failure- gynecomastia)
factor ? made by liver- acute changes in liver can result in increased ? time
VII, prothrombin
loss of albumin, protein urea seen in ?
nephrotic syndrome
LFTs
- specific to liver
- nonspecific
- most sensitive for liver injury
- demonstrates bile flow/obstruction
ALT
AST
GGT
ALP
LFT findings in liver dz
increased ALP & GGT
only increased ALP suggests?
no pathology or bone dz
need liver fxn panel to obtain ?
direct bilirubin
can also cause hepatitis? 2 viruses
EBV
CMV
fatty livers changes in alcoholic hep can be ?
reversible
alcoholic hepatitis ast & alt: ast/alt alp: *ALCOHOL INHIBITS ALT!!!!
^ 1-10x >/= 2 no change *+/- increased PT *increased bilirubin *can also be aSx
MCC of chronic liver dz & most frequent indicator for liver transplantation
chronic HCV
drug-induced hep: tb drug? other anti-tb/ab NSAIDs statins anti-epileptic? htn drug? MOST COMMON-OVERDOSE? herbs? cocaine, ecstasy, PCP
isoniazid valproic acid methyldopa ACETAMINOPHEN mistletoe, alkaloids Ma-Huang, hydroxycut
autoimmune hep- dx?
dx of exclusion
fulminant hepatitis
ast & alt:
ast/alt:
increased ? because liver can’t make proteins
^100x
18s
hepatic encephalopathy associated w/ ? hepatitis & ?; increased ? levels
mood, neuro Sx
fulminant, cirrhosis
ammonia
causes of fulminant hepatitis: ? overdose/kids viral hep- hep ? shock- cardiogenesis, sepsis antiseizure Rx i.e. ? herbs metabolic i.e. Wilson's dz, Reye's syndrome autoimmune anamita phalloides (poison mushroom)
acetaminophen
hep B
valproate, phenytoin
jaundice seen when serum bilirubin?
> 2.5mg/dL
unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (too much bilirubin): hemolytic anemia- ? dz hemolytic- ? rxn resorption of major ?
sickle cell
transfusion
hemorrhage
unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
(too little conjugation):
-? syndrome- no conjugation enzyme; induced by stress
-dz that can’t metabolize bilirubin? less common,, more severe, auto-recessive
-drugs that stop bilirubin uptake into liver? (2)
Gilbert’s syndrome
Crigler-Najjar
probenacid, rifampin
conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
- greater than ? of total bilirubin
- dipstick + b/c only conjugated passes thru bc?
- huge increase in ? & ?; mild increase in ?
- Dubin Johnson syndrome, Rotor syndrome
- causes include viral hep, EtOH, drugs, toxins, AI, severe hypotension
30%
unconjugated binds to albumin and doesn’t pass
AST, ALT; ALP
MCC of acute hep?
viral hep
viral hepatitis:
ast & alt:
ast/alt
^ 10-100x
<1
PT variable**
cirrhosis causes: EtOH viral - Hep ? & ? biliary dz hemachromatosis uncommon- Wilson's, alpha 1 antitrypsin def
Hep B/C
