EXAM1/CH2- Promoting a Physically Active Lifestyle Flashcards
promotion
use of behaviorall strategies in assessing + counseling individuals about their physical activity behavior change
behavioral strategies are intended to be used in the context of what environments
supportive social + physical environments
human behavior such as physical activity is shaped by ____
its surroundings
regarding human behavior being influenced by surroundings, what things must you understand
-understand the environment in which a client lives (social, occupational, spiritual, etc.)
-understand the physical + social contexts in which a client lives
-address environmental barriers + provide insights into how to overcome these barriers
2 commonly identified determinants of physical activity participation
-self-efficacy
-social support
self-efficacy
-person’s CONFIDENCE to exercise under a number of circumstances
-positively associated with greater participation in physical activity
high vs low self-efficacy
-high self-efficacy = greater likelihood to participate in physical activity
-low self-efficacy = less likely to participate
social support
consistently shown to be positively associated with greater levels of physical activity participation
physical environment can also present ____
barriers
barriers presented by physical environment for regular physical activity
-lack of bicycle trails + walking paths away from vehicular traffice
-inclement weather
-unsafe neighborhood
theories + models of physical activity promotion- OLD APPROACH
information sharing
OLD APPROACH (information sharing)
get individuals to be physically active by sharing information wiht them
-they would go to doctor appt + the physician would suggest they be more physically active + give them a handout
-very minimal education + clinician-client interaction
-impetus would lie on the patient themselves to do what they were being told
-not effective, very poor compliance + retention
theories + models of physical activity promotion- NEW APPROACH
cognitive-behavioral techniques
NEW APPROACH (cognitive-behavior techniques)
theories + models to promote the initiation of + adherence to physical activity
-based on trying to make physical activity more of a lifestyle + take into consideration aspects that are obstacles to participating in activity
-more comprehensive approach
another NEW approach
lifestyle-based physical activity promotion
lifestyle-based physical activity promotion
-less focus on PLANNED physical activity (aka exercise for x amount a day)
-more focus on physical activity as part of the person’s daily routine (ex: taking stairs instead of elevator, parking further away from the store/work)
why is a lifestyle-based focus relevant?
lack of time is a common barrier to regular physical activity
-promote lifestyle changes whereby physical activity can be enjoyed throughout the day as part of one’s lifestyle
health belief model
personal beliefs of perceptions influence health behavior
aspects of health belief model (4)
-perceived seriousness
-perceived susceptibility
-perceived benefits of change
-perceived barriers to change
which aspect of the health belief model is most predictive of behavior change
perceived barriers to change
health belief model- perceived seriousness
how severe is the disease if I were to contract it?
-researchers found that many people didn’t actually understand how serious certain diseases were
health belief model- perceived susceptibility
how likely is it that I will contract this disease?
-many people underestimated how likley they were to contract something
health belief model- perceived benefits of change
personal opinion of the value or usefulness of a NEW behavior to decrease risk of acquiring disease
health belief model- perceived barriers to change
personal opinion in the way of adopting a new behavior
what is important to know about health belief model
benefits HAVE TO outweight barriers in order for change to occur
transtheoretical model is also called
stages of change
transtheoretical model (stages of change)
6 stages of behavior change
-precontemplation
-contemplation
-preparation
-action
-maintenance
-termination
transtheoretical model (stages of change)- does patient always start in precontemplation
no
-they may come to you in contemplation stage or even other stages
transtheoretical model (stages of change)- precontemplation
no awareness/intention of behavior change
-stage where the health behavior is not on the radar at all, not aware of it, no intent to change behavior
transtheoretical model (stages of change)- contemplation
aware of needed behavior change, planning for change but have no yet committed to change
transtheoretical model (stages of change)- preparation
begin planning to make behavior change + are committed to following through
-committed to folloiwng through + PLANNING to do so, haven’t yet done
transtheoretical model (stages of change)- action
have implemented intended behavior modifications in an effort to change behavior
-in the thick of it
transtheoretical model (stages of change)- maintenance
maintaining behavior change + trying to prevent termination of behavior change
-really just continuing with the behavior
-behavior has become part of life/routine
transtheoretical model (stages of change)- termination
failure to maintain intended behavior change
-where the behavior stops
-could be brief or extended
transtheoretical model (stages of change)- once someone is in termination, can they return back to the behavior
YES
-same thing with preparation, just because someone is in preparation doesn’t mean they will actually go forward with the behavior
why is it important to know where someone falls on transtheoretical model (stages of change)
depending on the stage they are at, there are specific approaches we can use to progress to the following stage to achieve the intended behavior
ecological perspective
most effective interventions occur on multiple levels
-incorporation of intrapersonal + environmental determinants across 5 levels
-extremely common in many public service announcements + other types of health behavior promotion
-becoming more common recently
5 levels of ecological perspective
-intrapersonal
-interpersonal
-institutional
-community
-public policy
ecological perspective- intrapersonal
psychological + biological variables of the person
-within the person themselves
ecological perspective- interpersonal
social groups
-looking between people (family, sports team, close friends, roommates, etc.)
ecological perspective- institutional
organizations (healthcare facilities, schools, companies)
ecological perspective- community
networks within a defined area
-UF, Gainesville, etc.
ecological perspective- public policy
laws at local, state, + national levels
exercise is medicine model is based on what
Surgeon General’s report “Physical Activity + Health” + the “Physical Activity Guidelines”
what is the exercise is medicine model derived from
stages of change model
exercise is medicine model
-comprehensive
-includes assessment, counseling, + referral material
-developed for use by the PCP in the clinical setting targeting apaprently clinically healthy adults
criticisms of exercise is medicine model
-it was developed for the use by PCP for clinically healthy adults (not everyone sees a PCP)
-emphasis is on INDIVIDUAL behavior change (lacks sociocultural + physical environmental influences on behavior)
-more focus is required on ecological approaches to increasing participation in physical activity
2 focuses of educating on the benefits of physical activity
-focus on designed outcomes
-focus on understanding
focus on designed outcomes
-why was patient referred?
-what is your ExRx geared towards?
IMPORTANT to explain to patient WHY they were referred + what we are there to do for them
-many people are unaware or in denial of their Rx
focus on understanding
-health benefits of physical activity
-fitness benefits of physical activity
MANY people don’t care about these, so important to gear it towards things that are important to them to change this
