EXAM1/CH2- Promoting a Physically Active Lifestyle

Question 1

promotion

Answer 1

use of behaviorall strategies in assessing + counseling individuals about their physical activity behavior change

Question 2

behavioral strategies are intended to be used in the context of what environments

Answer 2

supportive social + physical environments

Question 3

human behavior such as physical activity is shaped by ____

Answer 3

its surroundings

Question 4

regarding human behavior being influenced by surroundings, what things must you understand

Answer 4

-understand the environment in which a client lives (social, occupational, spiritual, etc.)
-understand the physical + social contexts in which a client lives
-address environmental barriers + provide insights into how to overcome these barriers

Question 5

2 commonly identified determinants of physical activity participation

Answer 5

-self-efficacy
-social support

Question 6

self-efficacy

Answer 6

-person’s CONFIDENCE to exercise under a number of circumstances
-positively associated with greater participation in physical activity

Question 7

high vs low self-efficacy

Answer 7

-high self-efficacy = greater likelihood to participate in physical activity
-low self-efficacy = less likely to participate

Question 8

social support

Answer 8

consistently shown to be positively associated with greater levels of physical activity participation

Question 9

physical environment can also present ____

Answer 9

barriers

Question 10

barriers presented by physical environment for regular physical activity

Answer 10

-lack of bicycle trails + walking paths away from vehicular traffice
-inclement weather
-unsafe neighborhood

Question 11

theories + models of physical activity promotion- OLD APPROACH

Answer 11

information sharing

Question 12

OLD APPROACH (information sharing)

Answer 12

get individuals to be physically active by sharing information wiht them
-they would go to doctor appt + the physician would suggest they be more physically active + give them a handout
-very minimal education + clinician-client interaction
-impetus would lie on the patient themselves to do what they were being told
-not effective, very poor compliance + retention

Question 13

theories + models of physical activity promotion- NEW APPROACH

Answer 13

cognitive-behavioral techniques

Question 14

NEW APPROACH (cognitive-behavior techniques)

Answer 14

theories + models to promote the initiation of + adherence to physical activity
-based on trying to make physical activity more of a lifestyle + take into consideration aspects that are obstacles to participating in activity
-more comprehensive approach

Question 15

another NEW approach

Answer 15

lifestyle-based physical activity promotion

Question 16

lifestyle-based physical activity promotion

Answer 16

-less focus on PLANNED physical activity (aka exercise for x amount a day)
-more focus on physical activity as part of the person’s daily routine (ex: taking stairs instead of elevator, parking further away from the store/work)

Question 17

why is a lifestyle-based focus relevant?

Answer 17

lack of time is a common barrier to regular physical activity
-promote lifestyle changes whereby physical activity can be enjoyed throughout the day as part of one’s lifestyle

Question 18

health belief model

Answer 18

personal beliefs of perceptions influence health behavior

Question 19

aspects of health belief model (4)

Answer 19

-perceived seriousness
-perceived susceptibility
-perceived benefits of change
-perceived barriers to change

Question 20

which aspect of the health belief model is most predictive of behavior change

Answer 20

perceived barriers to change

Question 21

health belief model- perceived seriousness

Answer 21

how severe is the disease if I were to contract it?
-researchers found that many people didn’t actually understand how serious certain diseases were

Question 22

health belief model- perceived susceptibility

Answer 22

how likely is it that I will contract this disease?
-many people underestimated how likley they were to contract something

Question 23

health belief model- perceived benefits of change

Answer 23

personal opinion of the value or usefulness of a NEW behavior to decrease risk of acquiring disease

Question 24

health belief model- perceived barriers to change

Answer 24

personal opinion in the way of adopting a new behavior

Question 25

what is important to know about health belief model

Answer 25

benefits HAVE TO outweight barriers in order for change to occur

Question 26

transtheoretical model is also called

Answer 26

stages of change

Question 27

transtheoretical model (stages of change)

Answer 27

6 stages of behavior change -precontemplation -contemplation -preparation -action -maintenance -termination

Question 28

transtheoretical model (stages of change)- does patient always start in precontemplation

Answer 28

no -they may come to you in contemplation stage or even other stages

Question 29

transtheoretical model (stages of change)- precontemplation

Answer 29

no awareness/intention of behavior change -stage where the health behavior is not on the radar at all, not aware of it, no intent to change behavior

Question 30

transtheoretical model (stages of change)- contemplation

Answer 30

aware of needed behavior change, planning for change but have no yet committed to change

Question 31

transtheoretical model (stages of change)- preparation

Answer 31

begin planning to make behavior change + are committed to following through -committed to folloiwng through + PLANNING to do so, haven't yet done

Question 32

transtheoretical model (stages of change)- action

Answer 32

have implemented intended behavior modifications in an effort to change behavior -in the thick of it

Question 33

transtheoretical model (stages of change)- maintenance

Answer 33

maintaining behavior change + trying to prevent termination of behavior change -really just continuing with the behavior -behavior has become part of life/routine

Question 34

transtheoretical model (stages of change)- termination

Answer 34

failure to maintain intended behavior change -where the behavior stops -could be brief or extended

Question 35

transtheoretical model (stages of change)- once someone is in termination, can they return back to the behavior

Answer 35

YES -same thing with preparation, just because someone is in preparation doesn't mean they will actually go forward with the behavior

Question 36

why is it important to know where someone falls on transtheoretical model (stages of change)

Answer 36

depending on the stage they are at, there are specific approaches we can use to progress to the following stage to achieve the intended behavior

Question 37

ecological perspective

Answer 37

most effective interventions occur on multiple levels -incorporation of intrapersonal + environmental determinants across 5 levels -extremely common in many public service announcements + other types of health behavior promotion -becoming more common recently

Question 38

5 levels of ecological perspective

Answer 38

-intrapersonal -interpersonal -institutional -community -public policy

Question 39

ecological perspective- intrapersonal

Answer 39

psychological + biological variables of the person -within the person themselves

Question 40

ecological perspective- interpersonal

Answer 40

social groups -looking between people (family, sports team, close friends, roommates, etc.)

Question 41

ecological perspective- institutional

Answer 41

organizations (healthcare facilities, schools, companies)

Question 42

ecological perspective- community

Answer 42

networks within a defined area -UF, Gainesville, etc.

Question 43

ecological perspective- public policy

Answer 43

laws at local, state, + national levels

Question 44

exercise is medicine model is based on what

Answer 44

Surgeon General's report "Physical Activity + Health" + the "Physical Activity Guidelines"

Question 45

what is the exercise is medicine model derived from

Answer 45

stages of change model

Question 46

exercise is medicine model

Answer 46

-comprehensive -includes assessment, counseling, + referral material -developed for use by the PCP in the clinical setting targeting apaprently clinically healthy adults

Question 47

criticisms of exercise is medicine model

Answer 47

-it was developed for the use by PCP for clinically healthy adults (not everyone sees a PCP) -emphasis is on INDIVIDUAL behavior change (lacks sociocultural + physical environmental influences on behavior) -more focus is required on ecological approaches to increasing participation in physical activity

Question 48

2 focuses of educating on the benefits of physical activity

Answer 48

-focus on designed outcomes -focus on understanding

Question 49

focus on designed outcomes

Answer 49

-why was patient referred? -what is your ExRx geared towards? IMPORTANT to explain to patient WHY they were referred + what we are there to do for them -many people are unaware or in denial of their Rx

Question 50

focus on understanding

Answer 50

-health benefits of physical activity -fitness benefits of physical activity MANY people don't care about these, so important to gear it towards things that are important to them to change this