Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

soc 100 > Exam Three > Flashcards

Exam Three Flashcards

1
Q

social distinction based on culturally conceived and learned . ideas about appropiate behavior and appearances for males and for females

A

gender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

wealth beyond what is needed to meet basic human needs such as food and shelter

A

surplus wealth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

“the man’s economic role became, in one sense, more important to the family, for he was the link between the family and wider market economoy

A

breadwinner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

society that rely on hand tools such as hoes and employ slash-and- burn technology

A

horticultural society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

encompasses all the ways people experience and express themselves as sexual beings

A

sexuality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

in the united states, most people marry partner whom they believe belong to their own racial or ethnic category

A

endogamy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a form of domination in which one country imposes its political, economic, social, and cultural institutions on an indigenous population and the land and indigenous population occupies

A

colonialzation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

one way marketers convince people to buy products is to play their insecurities about whether they meet or maintain appearances that conform to gender ideals

A

the commercialization of gender ideals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

push men and women into jobs that correspond with society’s ideals regarding sex appropriate work

A

structural constraints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

maintain that banks, credit, lending institutions, modes of transportation, and the media should be state-owned

A

socialists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

women who work in male dominated occupations can encounter a barrier that prevents them from rising past a certain level in an organization

A

glass ceiling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the united states outsources manufacturing jobs to india, but india outsource work to countries such as mexico, brazil, chile, and even lower-wage cities and towns in the united states

A

semiperipheral economy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

men who work in female dominated occupations can encounter invisible upward movement that puts them in positions of power

A

glass escalator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

gandhi is an important figure who led a largely nonviolent struggle against british rule over india. gandhi’s accomplishment was “an extraordinary feat of personal magnetism” in which he inspired the participation of the illiterate and poor. what kind of authority?

A

charismatic authority

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the family passes on social privileges and social disadvantages to its members, thereby perpetuating the system of inequality

A

conflict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

model suggests that a relatively small number of people make decisions that have consequences affecting millions of people worldwide

A

power elite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

theorist would argue that families are structured to replace the member of society who die

A

functionalist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a social institution that binds people together through blood, marriage, law, and/or social norms

A

family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

a biological distinction determined by primary sex characteristics or the anatomical traits essential to reproduction

A

sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

broad term to classify people with some mixture of male and female anatomy

A

intersexed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

physical traits (Such as breast development, quality of voice, distribution of facial and body hair)

A

secondary sex characteristic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

a social distinction based on culturally conceived and learned ideals about appropriate appearance, behavior, and mental and emotional characteristics for male and female

A

gender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

concept that draws our attention to the ways daily activities are organized around gender ideals, including what to wear, the time to wake up in the morning, what to do before going to bed at night.

A

gender polarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

encompasses all the ways people experience and express themselves as sexual beings

A

sexuality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

“an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to men, women, or both sexes

A

sexual orientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

established and customary rules, policies, and day to day practices that affect a person’s life chances

A

social constraint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

the belief that one sex and by extension, one gender is innately superior to another, justifying unequal treatment of the sexes

A

sexism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

the interconnection amongst social constructed categories of sex, gender, race, class, sexual orientation, religious affiliation, age, nationality, disability and other statuses

A

intersectionality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

constraints on a person’s opportunities and choices, as well as the price paid for engaging in certain activities, appearances, or choices deemed inappropriate of someone in a particular category

A

penalties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

a special, often unearned, advantage or opportunity

A

privilege

31
Q

a system of government in which there is no separation of power and a single person (dictator)

A

authoritarian govenment

32
Q

legitimate power in which people believe that the difference in power are just and proper – that is people view a leader as being entitled to give orders

A

authority

33
Q

a profit driven economic system in which the raw materials and the means of producing and distributing goods and services remain privately owned

A

capitalism

34
Q

a type of authority that derives from the exceptional and exemplary qualities of the person who issues the commands

A

charismatic authority

35
Q

includes the wealthiest, most highly diversified economies with strong, stable governments.

A

core econmies

36
Q

a system of government in which power is vested in the citizen or “the people” and in which the citizenry participates directly or indirectly in making decisions

A

democracy

37
Q

the process by which plants and animals were brought under human control

A

domestication

38
Q

a socially created institution that coordinates human activity in the effort to produce, distribute, and consume good and services

A

economic system

39
Q

a group of countries under they direct or indirect control of a foreign power or government, which shapes their political, economic, and cultural developmemt

A

empire

40
Q

any product that is extracted from the earth, manufactured, or grown, such as food, clothing, petroleum, natural gas, automobiles, coal, computers, and so on

A

goods

41
Q

the organizational structure that directs and coordinates peoples involvement in the political activities of a country or other territory

A

government

42
Q

a process by which a power maintains its dominance over foreign entities

A

hegemony

43
Q

a political entity that exerts control and influence over foreign entities either through military force or through political policies and economic pressures

A

imperialistic power

44
Q

groups who participate in armed rebellion against some established authority, government, or administration with the hope that those in power will retreat or pull out

A

insurgents

45
Q

formal rules that mandate people to behave in specified ways or to refrain from behaving in some specified way. laws are created by those in power and enforced by regulatory institutions such as police, military, or other bodies

A

laws

46
Q

a type of authority that rests on a system of impersonal rules that formally specifies the qualifications for occupying a powerful position

A

legal-rational authority

47
Q

one that believes military strength, and the willingness to use it. is the source of national and even global security

A

militaristic power

48
Q

a view that sees politics as a plurality of special interest groups competing, compromising, forming alliances and negotiating with each other for power

A

pluralist models of power

49
Q

a socially created institution that regulates the use of and access to power that is essential to articulating and realizing individual, local, regional, national, international, or global interests and agendas

A

political system

50
Q

a society that is dominated by intellectual technologies of telecommunications and computer, not just “large computers but computers on a chip.” these intellectual technologies have had a revolutionary effect on virtually every aspect of social life

A

postindustrial socity

51
Q

the probability that an individual can achieve his or her will even against another individual’s opposition

A

power

52
Q

those few people who occupy such lofty positions in the social structure of leading institutions that their decisions affect millions, even billions, of people worldwide

A

power elite

53
Q

economic activities that generate or extract raw material from the natural enviroment

A

primary sector

54
Q

economic activities that transform raw materials from the primary sector into manufactured goods

A

secondary sector

55
Q

activities performed for others that result in no tangible product, such as entertainment, transportation, financial advice, medical care, spiritual counseling, and education

A

services

56
Q

an economic system in which raw material and the means of producing and distributing goods and services are collectively owned

A

socialism

57
Q

wealth beyond what is needed to meet basic human needs

A

surplus wealth

58
Q

economic activities related to delivering services such as health care or entertainment and those activities related to creating and distributing information

A

tertiary sector

59
Q

a form of government in which political authority rests in the hands of religious leaders or a theologically trained elite. under this system, there is no separation of church and state

A

theocracy

60
Q

a system if government characterized by
- a single ruling party led by a dictator
- an unchallenged official ideology that defines a vision of the “perfect” society and the means to achieve that vision
a system of social control that suppresses dissent and opposition
- centralized control over the media and the economy

A

totalitarianism

61
Q

a type of authority that relies on the sanctity of time- honored norms that govern the selection of someone to a powerful position and that specify responsibilities and appropriate conduct for the individual selected

A

traditional authority

62
Q

a term that applies an economic system that is a hybrid of capitalism and socialism

A

welfare state

63
Q

one where the number of years one can expect to live after age 65 increases and fertility rates decline to below replacement level

A

aging society

64
Q

the extent to which caregivers believe that their emotional balance, physical health, social, life, and financial status suffer because of their caregiver role

A

caregiver burden

65
Q

norms requiring or encouraging people to choose a partner from the same social category as their own

A

endogamy

66
Q

norms requiring or encouraging people to choose a partner from a social category other than their own

A

exogamy

67
Q

a standard against which real cases can be compared

A

ideal

68
Q

the caregiving that family members, neighbors, and friends provide in a home setting

A

informal care

69
Q

the probability of engaging in critical experiences that increase likelihood of obtaining advantaged status whether that be surviving the first year of life, earning a graduate degree, living independently in old age, living free of disease and so on

A

life chances

70
Q

work that involves “the production of the means of existence, of food, clothing and shelter and the tools necessary for the production

A

productive work

71
Q

work that involves bearing children, caregiving, managing households and education children

A

reproductive work

72
Q

a situation in which at least one parent or guardian is employed full time

A

secure parental employment

73
Q

the average number of children that a woman bears in her lifetime

A

total fertility rate

soc 100 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions