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BCaBA Certification Exam > EXAM TERMS 2 > Flashcards

EXAM TERMS 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Temporal contiguity

A

The nearness of events in time

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2
Q

Contingency

A

A dependency between events

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3
Q

Types of Contingencies

A

S-S contingencies (pairing)
R-S contingencies
S-R-S contingencies (or the 3-term contingency)

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4
Q

Basic Operations

A 
Direct Observation
Repeated measures
Graph data
Manipulation
Systematic evaluation
Analysis and interpretation
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5
Q

Consequential Operation (+)

A

Contingently present a stimulus immediately after the response

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6
Q

Consequential Operation (-)

A

Contingently remove a stimulus immediately after the response

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7
Q

Learning

A

A relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of experience

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8
Q

Reflex

A

A simple relation between an antecedent stimulus and a reflex repsonse

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9
Q

Elicit

A

To strongly, consistently, and reliably evoke

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10
Q

Unconditioned Reflex

A

A simple relation between a specific stimulus and a specific stimulus and a specific innate, involuntary response

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11
Q

Examples of Human Reflexes

A

Patellar reflex, eye blink reflex, lachrymal reflex, pupillary reflex, respiratory reflex, sneeze reflex, cough reflex, rooting reflex, sucking reflex, salivation reflex, swallowing reflex

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12
Q

Unconditioned Stimulus

A

A stimulus which elicits an unconditioned response without prior learning

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13
Q

Unconditioned Response

A

A response which is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus without prior learning

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14
Q

Habituation

A

A temporary reduction in a reflex response due to repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus

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15
Q

Adaptation

A

A reduction in the frequency or magnitude of a response or set of responses as a result of prolonged exposure to a stimulus or an environmental context.

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16
Q

Potentiation

A

A temporary increase in some dimension increase in some dimension or intensity of a reflex response due to repeated presentations of an eliciting stimulus

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17
Q

Sensitization

A

The tendency of a stimulus to elicit a reflex response following the elicitation of that response by a different stimulus

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18
Q

Respondent Conditioning

A

A stimulus - stimulus pairing procedures in which a neutral stimulus is presented with an unconditioned stimulus until the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that elicits the conditioned response

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19
Q

Conditioned Reflex

A

A simple relation between a specific conditioned stimulus and a conditioned involuntary response

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20
Q

Neutral Stimulus

A

A stimulus which has no eliciting effect on behavior prior to being paired contingently with an unconditioned stimulus or another conditioned stimulus

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21
Q

Conditioned Stimulus

A

A stimulus which elicits a conditioned response due to prior learning; that is, due to ontogenic provenance

22
Q

Conditioned Response

A

A response which is elicited by a conditioned stimulus due to prior learning

23
Q

Short Delay Conditioning

A

The ONSET of the CS must come first, before the ONSET of the US;very effective

24
Q

Long Delay Conditioning

A

The ONSET of the CS must come first, before the ONSET of the US; usually effective

25
Q

Trace Conditioning Procedure

A

The OFFSET of the CS must come before the onset of the US; usually effective

26
Q

Trace Conditioning Procedure

A

The OFFSET of the CS must come before the ONSET of the US; sometimes effective

27
Q

Simultaneous Conditioning Procedure

A

CS and US occur at the same time; usually not effective

28
Q

Backward Conditioning Procedure

A

The ONSET of the US must come before the ONSET of the CS; almost always ineffective

29
Q

Higher order conditioning

A

A neutral stimulus is paired with a previously conditioned stimulus (CS) rather than with a US

30
Q

Respondent Extinction

A

The process through which a conditioned reflex is weakened by discontinuing to pair the CS with the US

31
Q

Respondent Spontaneous Recovery

A

The sudden reappearance of a previously extinguished conditioned reflex

32
Q

Respondent Stimulus Generalization

A

The spread of the effects of respondent conditioning to stimuli other than the conditioned stimulus

33
Q

Phylogenic provenance

A

The effect of a stimulus on a specific response may be innate, due to the evolutionary history of that species

34
Q

Ontongenic provenance

A

The effect of the stimulus on specific response may be learned, due to the experimental history of the individual organism in the environment

35
Q

The Law of Effect

A

Organism learn through the consequence of their actions

36
Q

Edward Lee Thorndike

A

The Law of Effect

37
Q

Burrhus Frederick Skinner

A 
The Experimental Analysis of Behavior 
The Operant Chamber (skinner box)
Principles of Operant Conditioning 
Radical Behaviorism 
Analysis of Verbal Behavior
The Cumulative Recorder
Programmed Instruction
38
Q

Operant Behavior

A

Behavior that has an effect on the environment and is primarily under the control of its consequences

39
Q

Operant Selection

A

This process of behavioral variability, selection by consequences, and behavioral reproduction occurs throughout the organism’s lifetime

40
Q

Simplest type of operant contingency

A

R-S (response-stimulus)

41
Q

Reinforcement

A

An environmental change that follows a response and increases or maintains the future frequency of that behavior

42
Q

Punishment

A

Occurs when stimulus change immediately follows a response and decreases the future frequency of that type of behavior in similar conditions

43
Q

Positive Reinforcement

A

An environmental change in which a stimulus is added (presented) or magnified following a response, that increases or maintains the future frequency of that response

44
Q

Negative Reinforcement

A

An environmental change in which a stimulus is subtracted (withdrawn or removed) or attenuated following a response, and which increases or maintains the future frequency of that behavior

45
Q

SR+

A

Unconditioned Positive Reinforcement

46
Q

Sr+

A

Conditioned positive reinforcement

47
Q

SR-

A

Unconditioned Negative reinforcement

48
Q

Sr-

A

Conditioned negative reinforcement

49
Q

SP+

A

Unconditioned Positive reinforcement

50
Q

Sp+

A

Conditioned Positive Punishment

51
Q

SP-

A

Unconditioned negative punishment

52
Q

Sp-

A

Conditioned Negative Punishment

BCaBA Certification Exam (5 decks)

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