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U.S. history > EXAM study guide Notes > Flashcards

EXAM study guide Notes Flashcards

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1
Q

factors of industrial boom -

A

abundance of natural resources
government support for growing businesses
urban population= cheap labor & market

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2
Q

new techniques for extracting natural resources =

A

bessemer process

new method to drill for oil

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3
Q

social theory based on Darwin’s theory of biological evolution-natural selection; explains evolution of human society
“the strongest person/business will survive”

A

social darwinism

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4
Q

federal law that stated the government has a right to regulate the RR industry

A

interstate commerce act

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5
Q

describe the child labor -

A

children started to work long hours
they would work to help out family
lot of injuries & disease

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6
Q

describe the factory working conditions -

A

dirty
long hours
little $$
disease

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7
Q

government role in RR industry .. -

A

they gave them loans (because they saw it as a positive thing)

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8
Q

so what happened when the govenrment gave the RR loans -

A

the RR had incredible growth in a short period of time

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9
Q

businessmen roles in government -

A

they bailed out the RR industry from bankruptcy

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10
Q

since the big businessmen bailed out RR, what happened to them?

A

they became even richer!

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11
Q

process of negotiation between employers and a group of employees aimed at reaching agreements to regulate working conditions

A

collective bargaining

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12
Q

method by which impurities are removed from iron ore to turn it into steel.
this method led to the mess production of steel and birth of new industries

A

bessemer process

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13
Q

some new uses for natural resources -

A

barbed wire, farm machinery
skyscrapers
railroads ; bridges

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14
Q

new inventions of the industrial revolution -

A

electricity
telegraph
typewriter
telephone

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15
Q

how did electricity change lives ..

A

appliances
get things done faster
new jobs (especially women)
factories open 24 hrs

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16
Q

how did the telegraph change lives ..

A

improved communication
perfected sending messages over wire
morse code

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17
Q

how did the typewriter change lives …

A

changed how documents were kept
created new jobs
perfected sending messages over the wire

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18
Q

how did the telephone change lives …

A

central switchboards

tons were in use

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19
Q

he invented the light bulb …

middle name is Alva

A

Thomas Edison

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20
Q

he created the typewriter

A

Christopher Sholes

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21
Q

he created the telephone -

A

Alexander Graham Bell

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22
Q

he ccreated morse code -

A

Samuel Morse

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23
Q

preached salvation through service to the poor

A

Social Gospel movement

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24
Q

an institution in an inner city are providing educational, recreational, & other social services to community

A

settlement house

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25
Q

informal agreement between US & empire of Japan; whereby the US wouldn’t impose restriction on Japanese immigration

A

gentlemen’s agreement

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26
Q

substandard multi-family dwelling in the urban core (old and occupied by poor)

A

tenements

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27
Q

favoritism towards native americans

A

navitism

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28
Q

describe the tenements -

A

overcrowded
dirty
unsanitary
disease

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29
Q

location of immigration station that immigrants had to pass in order to be admitted into the U.S.

A

ellis island

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30
Q

.

A

angel island

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31
Q

seperation of people on the basis of race

A

segregation

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32
Q

banned entry to all immigrants from China

A

chinese exclusion act

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33
Q

In San Francisco where immigrants (Chinese) gained admittance

A

angel island

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34
Q

government is hands off

not a lot to interfere

A

Laissez Faire

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35
Q

growth in cities

A

urbanization

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36
Q

reason for immigration -

A

because they think america is all great
& will give them what they are looking for
…their freedom

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37
Q

push …

A

getting pushed out of country

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38
Q

pull…

A

pulling you towards a country

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39
Q

so what were some “pushes” that pushed people away from their country -

A

religion perssecution
war
famine

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40
Q

so what are some “pulls” that pulled people to another country -

A

education
freedom
jobs

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41
Q

pioneer American settlement social workers, public philosopher, sociologist, author, and leads women sufferage & peace

one of the most influential people in the movement

A

jane adams

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42
Q

a person or a group’s language and/or culture come to resemble those

A

assimilation

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43
Q

a settlement house founded by Jane Adams

A

hull house

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44
Q

immigrant from denmark
reporter/photographer
exposed horrors of the tenements

A

Jacob Riis

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45
Q

the political machine goal was to get their candidate elected through ___________….

A

bribary
fraud
corruption

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46
Q

an era of serious problems masked by a thin gold lining -

A

gilded age

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47
Q

patronage system … aka the …

A

spoils system

48
Q

it elected officials, appointed friends and supporters to govern. jobs in exchange for votes

unqualified people working.

A

spoils system

49
Q

American politician most notable for being the “boss” of Tammany Hall

A

Boss Tweed

50
Q

illegal use of political influence for personal gain

A

graft

51
Q

giving of government jobs to people who had helped a canidant get elected

A

patronage

52
Q

an american author who inspired many young authors when he declared his independence
(famous for literary work and “coining” this term)

A

Mark Twain

53
Q

government administration

A

Civil service

54
Q

tax

A

tariff

55
Q

it raised tariffs to the highest rate ever

A

Mickenly Tariff Act

56
Q

who did the Mickenly tariff act help & who did it hurt

A

helped businessmen

hurt everyone else

57
Q

he was an african american reformer

and he was the 1st to receive doctorate

A

W.E.B Du Bois

58
Q

it denounced all forms of discrimination

A

Niagra movement

59
Q

he was also an african american reformer -

A

Booker T. Washington

60
Q

a tax levied on every adult, without reference to their income or resources

A

poll tax

61
Q

rule are said to have grandfather rights or acquired rights.

A

grandfather clause

62
Q

was not a person;
it sterotyped african americans
a song

A

Jim Crow

63
Q

“seperate but equal”

A

plessy vs. ferguson

64
Q

it aimed to restore economic opportunities and correct social injustices in American Life

a series of reforms that build and grow over time

A

progressive movement

65
Q

18th amendment

getting rid of manufacturing and consuming alcohol -

A

prohibition

66
Q

what role did the muckrackers play in creating economic reform -

A

they exposed the corruption in business and government

67
Q

right to vote in public, economic elections

A

suffrage

68
Q

regulates railroads

A

Elkins Act

69
Q

plan to help regulate people because we are in an era of reform

A

square deal

70
Q

4 goals of the progrssive movement -

A

protect social welfare
promote social improvement
create economic reform
foster effciency

71
Q

what is the strategy to achieve women suffrage

A

target individuals
test 14 amendment
National Constitutional Amendment

72
Q

liquor industry feared women suffrage because …

A

they thought women would vote in support of prohibition

73
Q

textile industry feared women suffrage because …

A

they would vote for restrictions on child labor

74
Q

allows federal govern. to collect incoome tax

A

16 amendment

75
Q

establishes direct election of senators by how many votes

A

17 amendment

76
Q

prohibition f alcohol

A

18 amendment

77
Q

women right to vote

A

19 amendment

78
Q

law for other drug and food items and truth in advertising

A

pure food / drug act

79
Q

prevents misbranded meat products from being sold as food to ensure that meat products are slaughtered and processed under sanitary conditions

A

meat inspection act

80
Q

an african american civil rights organization that promotes equality

A

NAACP

81
Q

where Teddy used his role to influence media and shape legislation
he’s the “bully”

A

Bully Pulpit

82
Q

focused on improving horrible conditions

a novel

A

the jungle

83
Q

provides further specification of the antitrusts

A

Clayton Anti-trust act

84
Q

central banking system of U.S,

A

Federal Reserve System

85
Q

federal agencies to stop unfair trade and businesses

A

Federal Trade Commision

86
Q

act of preserving and protecting

A

conservation

87
Q

organization promoting prohibition

A

Anti-Saloon league

88
Q

first mass organization among women devoted to social reform

A

WCTU

89
Q
  • known for its historic opposition to the sale or consumption of alcoholic beverages
  • It is the oldest existing third party in the US.
  • was an integral part of the temperance movement.
A

prohibition party

90
Q

a social and political reformer

she worked for children’s rights

A

Florence Kelley

91
Q
  • tireless strategist & organizer
  • led a group of women to the polls in Rochester NY where she insisted on voting
  • She was arrested for civil disobedience= is a nonviolent refusal to obey a law in an effort to change it
A

Susan B Anthony

92
Q

after Susan b Anthony had died.. she joined the movement as the new generation

-her movement tried more radical strategies like picketing the White House

A

alice paul

93
Q

she concentrated on 5 tactics

rebirth of national movement under her hands -

A

Carrie Chapman Catt

94
Q

he wanted to make fair and square
he gets involved & gives presidency more power
had little concerns for african americans

A

Teddy Roosevelt

95
Q

he is most well known for …

for creating federal reserve system

A

Wilson

96
Q

What amendment did Wilson pass?

A

16 amendment

97
Q

what does Wilson fail to reform or didnt want to change -

A

african american rights

he was racis

98
Q

what is Taft known for -

A

dividing the republican party

99
Q

does Taft get much done?

A

no

100
Q

opened libraries, sponsored classes, built swimming pools; place to go for young men

A

YMCA

101
Q

immigrants created communities consisting of ppl of same ethnicity -

A

ethnic communities

102
Q

economic / political philosophy where gover. controls all the resources -

A

socialism

103
Q

which wave of immigrants were from Ireland, Germany, England and France -

A

1st wave

103
Q

this wave was known as “old immigrants”

A

first wave

104
Q

this wave is known as “new immigration”

A

2nd immigration

105
Q

which wave had ppl from Italy, Poland, Russia, and Hungary -

A

2nd wave

106
Q

it created houses in same area as where people worked so they could achieve & get more done -

A

settlement movement

107
Q

it was an entertainment show

in theaters -

A

vaudeville

109
Q

organized campaign to eliminate consumption of alcohol -

A

temperance movement

110
Q

describe the labor movement -

A

people spent most time in factories, and started to get annoyed. So they started a movement to try and fix the problems they had.

111
Q

describe the distribution of wealth…

A

the rich got richer!! (big businessmen)

while others got poorer

112
Q

reasons for expansion of American Industry Unions -

A

unsafe, awful conditions is causing more people to join the union

113
Q

a bipartisan law that created civil service commission & makes sure people are elected fairly -

A

pendleton service act

114
Q

it is nonviolent refusal to obey law in an effort to change it
ex: Rosa Parks

A

civil disobedience

115
Q

specific examples of Progressive reforms -

A

banning alcohol
creating YMCA
reforming elections

U.S. history (22 decks)

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