Exam Social PE

Question 1

By using an example from sport, outline the social learning approach to personality.

Answer 1

• Observation of others who are around.
• Imitation of others.
• Social learning is more likely if those being observed are ‘significant’ or of high status.
• Personality is learned from others.

Question 2

If you wished to change a young person’s negative attitude to sport into a positive one, what strategies would you employ? Use psychological theory to back up your answer.

Answer 2

• Use cognitive dissonance.
• Persuasion.
• Change one aspect of the triadic model to create dissonance.
• Give success or positive reinforcement when the performer achieves partial success. • Use of appropriate role models.
• Show the benefits to health.
• Emphasise positive body image.
• Promote awareness of self or emphasise personal satisfaction.

Question 3

Explain how cognitive and somatic anxiety differ

Answer 3

• Cognitive anxiety is a psychological response consisting of:
• Worry.
• Inability to concentrate. For example, worry that a tennis opponent is a much better player than you. • Somatic anxiety is a physiological response. For example, before the tennis match begins:
• Increased heart rate.
• Adrenaline.