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World History: > Exam Review Semester1 > Flashcards

Exam Review Semester1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Rationalism brought _______________________________.

A

Philosophical perspective to science

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1
Q

Rene Descartes was the founder of what?

A

Rationalism

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2
Q

Sir Francis Bacon founded what?

A

Scientific Method

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3
Q

What is Scientific Method?

A

procedure for collecting & analyzing data

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4
Q

Inductive Reasoning -

A

Doesn’t rely on authorities, observe & experiment, and specific to broad

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5
Q

Who created / came up with the ideas of Enlightenment?

A

Philosophers / scholar, to make progress towards society

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6
Q

Who were Philosophers -

A

deep thinkers ; ask deep questions (authors & scientists)

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7
Q

What were the goals of the Enlightenment ?

A

To improve society

and search for the truth

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8
Q

What were the main ideas of enlightenment ?

A

Reason , natural rights , hope , progress , & reform

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9
Q

source about a historical event that was created during the event -

A

Primary Source

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10
Q

Letters , diaries , furniture , clothing - were all examples of what source?

A

Primary source

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11
Q

source that was furthered moved from the event , used primary sources -

A

Secondary sources

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12
Q

Textbooks , magazines , articles - examples of what source?

A

Secondary Source

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13
Q

The reason & knowledge discovered by philosphers/scientists throughout Europe in the 18 century -

A

Enlightenment

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14
Q

The Enlightenment begins w/ _______ ________, and the coming out of dark ages -

A

Scientific Revolution

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15
Q

T or F - lots of people were UNeducated during this time.

A

TRUE

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16
Q

Renissance means -

A

Rebirth

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17
Q

what idea helped spread the ideas of enlightenment ?

A

The printing press

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18
Q

founded elliptical orbits -

A

Kepler

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19
Q

Founded the telescope ; and was excommunicated from the church because of his theories -

A

Galileo

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20
Q

Father of physics ; his ideas led to the rise of modern physics -

A

Newton

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21
Q

He dissected human bodies -

A

Vesalius

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22
Q

he proved substances are made of basic elements & cannot be broken down -

A

Boyle

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23
Q

The spread of the enlightenment caused three things:

A
  1. people can now read
  2. printing press
  3. salons
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24
Q

bad things were happening to “religion”, like what?

A

attacks on the church
splits
methodist movement

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25
Q

the spread of the enlightenment caused the arts to create -

A

music, artitecture, and palaces

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26
Q

Natural Rights -

A

rights you have automatically when you are born

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27
Q

Three things of the Natural Rights -

A

freedom of religion, freedom of press , and right to hold property

28
Q

T or F- enlightenment started at the bottom w/ people.

A

trye

29
Q

T or F- the reform started at the top w/ congress

A

True

30
Q

enlighted despots -

A

new type of monarchy

31
Q

who said “humans are naturally wicked” ? and he also came up with “Social Contract” -

A

Hobbes

32
Q

he believed in natural rights & self government. He said the governement should protect these rights - life, liberty, and property –

A

Locke

33
Q

he created the seperation of powers & he was a french noble -

A

Montesquieu

34
Q

He critized christianity & challenged the church. He also built on Newton’s word.

A

Voltaire

35
Q

he writes a book called “Social Contract”

A

Rosseau

36
Q

fought against men having power over women is wrong -

A

Wollstonecraft

37
Q

he is the founder of economics ; came up with laissez faire ; also said the government has 3 tasks:

1. protect society
2. defend citizens from injustice
3. maintain public works
A

Smith

38
Q

Where the earth and planets revolve around the sun (sun-centered)

A

Heliocentric

39
Q

Thought on the belief that reason is a good source of knowledge -

A

Rationalism

40
Q

way of gathering & analyzing the evidence of science in modern world -

A

Scientific Method

41
Q

rights people have under the law

A

Natural Rights

42
Q

where people agree to be ruled by its general, and all should abide to make community better

A

Social Contract

43
Q

where the state doesn’t impose regulations & leaves the economy alone

A

Laissez Faire

44
Q

where legislative , executive , judicial powers are SEPERATE bodies

A

seperation of powers

45
Q

rooms where wealthy people gathed to disscuss philosphies in the 18th centuries

A

Salons

46
Q

where power is shared between state & national governements

A

Federal System

47
Q

tax on property / land

A

Taille

48
Q

the middle class

A

bourgeoisie

49
Q

short trousers & it indicated what class

A

Sans - culottes

50
Q

qualified voters

A

electors

51
Q

overthrown of government

A

coup d’ etat

52
Q

identity of people through their language, religion, & symbols

A

Nationalism

53
Q

saying people should be as free as possible from the governement

A

liberalism

54
Q

philosophy based on tradition, social stability & organized religion

A

Conservatism

55
Q

everyone has the right to vote

A

Universal Sufferage

56
Q

the prison that the peasants tore down brick by brick

A

Bastille

57
Q

Who was in the 1st Estate-

A

Clergy

58
Q

Who was in the 2nd Estate-

A

nobility

59
Q

Who was in the first estate-

A

Common townspeople

60
Q

acts as a ruling body of France -

A

National Convention

61
Q

special committee of twelve -

A

Committee of Public Safety

62
Q

to protect France from threat of foreign invasion they adopted 6 policies -

A

Reign of Terror

63
Q

King of France ; didn’t care about ruling ; married at 15

A

King Louis XVI

64
Q

Queen of France ; cared about fashion ; spent money on herself ; nickname - Madame Defict

A

Marie Antoinette

65
Q

two house legislature elected by male citizens ; and a five man directory -

A

The directory

66
Q

King Louis called it, told them to prepare list of concerns of government -

A

Estates General

67
Q

equality before the law ; religious toleration ; abolished serfdom ; reforms old regime ; right to chose own profession

A

Napoleonic Code

World History: (25 decks)

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