exam questions on paper 1

Question 1

explain one cause of tsunami ( 2 marks )

Answer 1

tsunami are underwater earthquakes which release huge amounts of energy and displaces large amount of water

Question 2

explain one natural cause of climate change 2 marks

Answer 2

volcanic eruption releases large amounts of volcanic material into the atmosphere which blocks the sun rays as a result the climate gets cooler

Question 3

explain 2 ways in which changes in the area of arctic ice may have consequences for people 4 marks

Answer 3

melting arctic ice would lead to a rise in sea level which may result in coastal flooding. but melting ice opens new shipping routes boosting trade and provide a source of employment in artic towns

Question 4

explain one cause of tectonic plate movement 4 marks

Answer 4

convection currents cause the movement of the plates. the earth core is heated due to radioactive decay this causes the magma in the mantle to heat up. the heated magma rises to the earth’s surface as it is less dense and when it reaches the crust it drags the plates apart

Question 5

explain 2 reasons why some countries are more vulnerable to tropical storms

4 marks

Answer 5

physical factors such as countries that are on the low-lying coastline are more vulnerable to storm surges leading to flooding. another economic reason is due to low GDP. countries that have low income have low levels of technology so fewer predictions/defences which means fewer people evacuated

Question 6

explain 2 reasons for the range of projections in climate

Answer 6

the uncertainty of population growth in the future if population growth decreases this may lead to less global warming, another reason is to do with energy sources if humans use renewable energy this would reduce global warming

Question 7

explain 2 ways maps can help countries to prepare for tropical cyclones

Answer 7

they can predict where the cyclone will go next so people can evacuate quicker and it can inform the speed of the cyclone so people will know how long they have until the cyclone is upon them

Question 8

explain one way in which global atmospheric circulation determines the location of high rainfall area

Answer 8

the Hadley cell is located near the equator this is because the air rises from the equator which is the hottest part of the earth leading to low pressure and as the warm air rises it could and becomes denser which results in high rainfall

Question 9

explain one reason why informal employment has grown rapidly in some cities

Answer 9

informal employment increases due to overpopulation in cities therefore there are not enough jobs in the formal employment for everyone

Question 10

Explain why tropical cyclones lose their power over land.

Answer 10

the energy source comes from warm water above 26 c once it hits land it loses contact with its energy source

Question 11

Explain one reason why low-lying coastlines are vulnerable to tropical
cyclones

Answer 11

low-lying costlines are more vulnerable to storm surges caused by low pressure within a cyclone

Question 12

Explain one-way people can predict volcanic eruptions or earthquakes.

Answer 12

a seismometer (1) is used to pick up the vibrations/foreshocks in
the Earth's crust (1). An increase in vibrations may indicate a
possible earthquake (1)

Question 13

) Explain one way in which the Human Development Index (HDI) measures
development

Answer 13

it measures health of the population (1) using life expectancy
(1).
it measures the educational levels of the population (1) by
measuring adult literacy/secondary schooling years (1).
it measures GDP per capita (1), which is a measure of the
economic development (1).