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IGCSE Chemistry > Exam questions > Flashcards

Exam questions Flashcards

1
Q

Thermal decomposition define

A

Break down of substances chemically using heat

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2
Q

1 advantage of recycling iron

A

Conserve iron ore

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3
Q

Steel is made of…

A

Iron and carbo

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4
Q

Empirical formula

A

Ratio

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5
Q

Contact process conditions [3]

A

Temperature: 450c
Pressure: 2atm
Catalyst: Vanadium oxide

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6
Q

carbonate formula

A

CO3^-2

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7
Q

What is hydrogen oxygen fuel cell and what it does [2]

A

1) Hydrogen and oxygen react to form water
2) Turns chemical energy into electrical energy

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8
Q

pro & con of hydrogen oxygen fuel cell [2]

A

1) Does not produce pollutants
2) Requires energy to make hydrogen which comes from fossil fuels

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9
Q

Draw exothermic graph

A

Reactant higher than product
Negative enthalpy

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10
Q

Draw endothermic graph

A

Reactant lower than product
Positive enthalpy

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11
Q

Describe process of iron extraction [6]

HIGHER TIER!!

A

1) Hematite + coke + limestone
2) Air comes in and carbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide (Release energy for iron oxide reduction
3) carbon dioxide + carbon -> carbon monoxide (Reducing agent)
4) Iron oxide + carbon monoxide -> Iron + carbon dioxide
5) Lime stone undergo thermal decomposition
6) Calcium oxide reacts with silicon dioxide to form slag

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12
Q

chemical equation for carbon monoxide formed in iron extraction

A

CO2 + C -> 2CO

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13
Q

chemical equation for iron displaced

A

Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2

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14
Q

Lime stone thermal decomposition chemical equation

A

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

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15
Q

Slag formation chemical equation

A

CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3

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16
Q

What is and what does a catalytic converter do? [2]

A

1) Used in vehicles to remove oxides of nitrogen by converting it into nitrogen
2) The oxygen in oxides of nitrogen comes from the air in the car engine

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17
Q

Catalyst for ester

A

Sulfuric acid

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17
Q

First 4 alkanes

A

Ethane
Methane
Propane
Butane

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18
Q

1dm3 into cm3

A

1000dm3

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19
Q

Volume (dm3) formula

A

Moles x 24

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20
Q

Concentration formula

A

Mass/volume

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21
Q

Which compounds both contribute to acid rain

A

sulphur dioxide
oxides of nitrogen

22
Q

Why is cryolite used in aluminium extraction

A

Dissolve aluminium oxide

23
Q

Indicator for water

A

Cobalt (II) chloride

24
Q

Bromine water test

A

In alkane it will be decoloured

25
Q

Define solute

A

a substance that is dissolved in a solution

26
Q

Define solvent

A

a substance that dissolves a solute, resulting in a solution.

27
Q

Describe contact process [3]

A

`1) Sulfur reacts with air sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide
2) Catalyst is used sulfur dioxide + oxygen rightwards (equilibrium) sulfur trioxide
3) Once sulfur trioxide is formed, it undergoes more processes to produce sulfuric acid

28
Q

Main impurity in iron ore

A

Silicon (IV) oxide

29
Q

Displacement reaction

A

When a more reactive metal displaces another

30
Q

Reactivity series

A

Please Stop Calling Me A Careless Zebra Instead Try Learning How Copper Saves Gold

31
Q

Conditions of contact process [3]

A

1) 200 kPa
2) Vanadium (V) oxide
3) 450c

32
Q

Describe two methods by which sulfur dioxide is obtained

A

M1 burning sulfur (in air)
M2 Roasting sulfide ores (in air)

33
Q

Define base

A

Proton acceptor

34
Q

State the term given to a base which dissolves to form an aqueous solution

35
Q

thymolphthalein changes to what colour when it reacts with a base

A

Higher than pH 10 gives you blue

36
Q

Convert from mol/dm3 to g/dm3

A

Multiply by mass number

37
Q

State the term given to reactions in which one atom in an alkane is replaced by another
atom

A

Substitution

38
Q

State the term given to any reaction which requires ultraviolet light

A

Photochemical

39
Q

Write the ionic equation for the reaction when an acid neutralises a soluble base

A

H+ + OH- -> H2O

40
Q

Complete the symbol equation to show the dissociation of ethanoic acid.
CH3COOH

A

CH3COOH
⇌ CH3COO– + H+

41
Q

Macromolecular structure properties [2]

A

1) High melting and boiling point
2) Does not conduct electricity when solid or liquid

(Covalent bonded)

42
Q

Define electrolysis

A

breakdown by electricity of an ionic compound in aqueous or molten state

43
Q

Give two reasons why the electrolysis is carried out on aluminium oxide dissolved in
molten cryolite instead of electrolysing molten aluminium oxide only

A

1) Improves conductivity
2) Lower operating temperature

44
Q

Sulfuric acid

45
Q

Flame test Li+

46
Q

Flame test K+

47
Q

Flame test Li+

48
Q

Flame test Ca2+

A

Orange-red

49
Q

Flame test Cu2+

A

Blue-green

50
Q

Methyl orange indicator in acid solution

A

Yellow to orange

51
Q

Draw the structure of the carboxylic acid containing three carbon atoms.

A

https://hi-static.z-dn.net/files/d4b/1174be5ed5b54b03b911fc5c060ae6ed.png

52
Q

The equation for the thermal decomposition of sodium hydrogencarbonate is shown.
2NaHCO3 -> Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2

The Mr of sodium hydrogencarbonate, NaHCO3, is 84.
The Mr of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, is 106.

In an experiment, 2.1 g of sodium hydrogencarbonate is heated but not all of it decomposes. All of
the carbon dioxide is collected and measured at room temperature and pressure. The total
volume of carbon dioxide produced is 0.21 dm3
.
The volume of 1 mole of a gas at room temperature and pressure is 24 dm3
.

A

The mass of sodium carbonate produced is 0.93 g

IGCSE Chemistry (10 decks)

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