Exam Q 23

Question 1

What is meant by an atomic energy level

Answer 1

An energy level is defined as the fixed energy value that an electron in an atom may have

Question 2

Give two differences between an atomic orbit, as described by Bohr, and an atomic orbital

Answer 2

Bohr:

1. It is a path that is 2 dimensional.
2. Electron is definitely located there.
3. Fixed distance from the nucleus.
4. Definitive shape.
5. Doesn’t account for wave properties of an electron.
6. Uncertainty principle not taken into account

Orbital:

1. It is a 3-dimensional region.
2. High probability of finding an electron there.
3. not circular so no fixed distance from the nucleus.
4. no definite size
5. accounts for electron wave properties.
6. Uncertainty principle taken into account

Question 3

Distinguish between a p orbital and a p -sublevel using diagrams

Answer 3

P orbital:
Draw 1 dumbell.
Draw box with one arrow up and one arrow down

P sublevel:
Draw x,y,z dumbell orbitals and label.
Draw 3 boxes with one arrow up and one arrow down

Question 4

Write the s, p, d electron configuration for a nickel atom in the ground state

Answer 4

2s^2, 2p^6, 3s^2, 3p^6, 4s^2, 3d^8,

Question 5

State one piece of evidence that supports the existence of atomic energy levels

Answer 5

The atomic emission spectrum
or
the fixed frequency of colour emitted by atoms