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Endocrinology Exam One > Exam One Study Guide > Flashcards

Exam One Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Action: increase linear height in children

A

Somatotropin (STH)

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2
Q

Means: protein formation, cell proliferation, differentiation

A

Somatotropin (STH)

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3
Q

Action: metabolism in adults

A

Human Growth Hormone (hGH)

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4
Q

Action: metabolism of glucose, proteins, and fat

A

Adrenocorticotropic or corticotrophin (ACTH)

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5
Q

Action: mammary gland development and milk production

A

Lactotropes - prolactin hormones

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6
Q

Action: stimulate growth of ovaries and testes

A

Gonadotropins

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7
Q

Means: stimulates the production of LH and FSH

A

Gonadotropins

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8
Q

Action: stimulates melanocytes

A

Melanotropin

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9
Q

What is the site for hGH or STH?

A

Adenohypophysis (PPP)

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10
Q

Means: Stimulate protein anabolism (carbohydrate and lipid catabolism)

A

hGH and STH

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11
Q

What diseases can be caused by issues with hGH and STH?

A

Gigantism, acromegaly

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12
Q

What are symptoms of gigantism and acromegaly?

A

Bossing of forehead, headache, tissue proliferation

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13
Q

What is the site for somatostatin (SS)?

A

Hypothalamus, stomach, small intestine, D cells of pancreas (PPP)

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14
Q

Action: decrease synthesis of STH, decrease insulin, decrease glucagon

A

Somatostatin (SS)

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15
Q

Action: increase BP, immunity, blood glucose

A

STH

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16
Q

What is a disease cause by issues with somatostatin (SS)?

A

Pituitary tumor

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17
Q

What is the site for insulin like growth factor (IGF1) or somatomedin (SM)?

A

Liver, kidney (PPP)

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18
Q

Action: facilitates with increase of linear height

A

Insulin like growth factor (IGF1) or somatomedin (SM)

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19
Q

Means: stimulates protein anabolism, osteoblast cells, and increase of cellular uptake of glucose

A

IGF1 or somatomedin (SM)

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20
Q

What is the site for luteotropin (LTH)?

A

Adenohypophysis (PPP)

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21
Q

Action: stimulates development of mammary glands and stimulates milk production

A

Luteotropin (LTH)

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22
Q

Means: affects the lobular and alveolar ducts of mammary glands (BIG 4 MEANS)

A

Luteotropin (LTH)

23
Q

What is the most powerful controller of decreasing sex hormones?

A

Luteotropin (LTH)

24
Q

What can be a consequence of high luteotropin?

A

Milk production in both sexes

25
Q

What is the site for melanotropin (MSH)?

A

POMC cells, pars intermedia, adenohypohysis (PPP)

26
Q

Action: stimulate pigmentation

A

Melanotropin (MSH)

27
Q

Means: stimulate melanocytes, increase memory (BIG 4 MEANS)

A

Melanotropin (MSH)

28
Q

Excessive pigmentation is a symptom during what normal process?

29
Q

What is the site for corticotropin adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)?

A

POMC cells, adenohypophysis (PPP)

30
Q

Action: Stimulate and develop the adrenal glands

31
Q

What is the most powerful controller of the adrenal gland?

32
Q

Means: secretion of cortisol (BIG 4 MINUS IMMUNE RESPONSE)

33
Q

What negative consequence is associated with high levels of ACTH?

A

Increase in cortisol (stress hormone)

34
Q

What are symptoms of increased ACTH?

A

Pigmentation, moon face, buffalo hump

35
Q

What is the site for endorphins?

A

POMC cells, adenohypophysis, placenta, spinal cord, hypothalamus (PPP)

36
Q

Action: decrease pain, decrease reproduction

A

Endorphins

37
Q

Means: decrease synthesis of substance P

A

Endorphins

38
Q

What is the site for thyrotropin (TSH)?

A

Thyrotrope cells, adenohypophysis (PPP)

39
Q

Action: stimulates development and maintains thyroid gland

A

Thyrotropin (TSH)

40
Q

Means: BIG 4, increases memory

A

Thyrotropin (TSH)

41
Q

What is the condition that results from lack of TSH?

A

Nonfunctioning thyroid gland

42
Q

What is the site for follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)?

A

Gonadotrope, adenohypophysis (PPP)

43
Q

Action: stimulates gonads to produce gametes

A

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

44
Q

Means in males: stimulate spermatozoa - seminiferous tubules (and increase memory)

45
Q

Menas in females: stimulate ova - ovaries (and increase memory)

46
Q

What are symptoms of issues with FSH?

A

Headaches and infertility

47
Q

What is the site of activin?

A

Sertoli cells (male), granulosa of ovaries (female)

48
Q

Action: stimulate secretion of FSH ONLY

49
Q

Means: controls secretion of FSH

A

Activin and inhibin

50
Q

What is the site for inhibin?

A

Sertoli cells (male), granulosa of ovaries (female)

51
Q

Action: decrease secretion of FSH ONLY

52
Q

What is the site for luteinizing hormone?

A

Theca interna

53
Q

Action: stimulates the gonads, androgens, estrogen, progesterone

A

Luteinizing hormone

54
Q

Means of luteinizing hormone?

Endocrinology Exam One (5 decks)

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