Exam one (ID definition)

Question 1

Louis XIV

Answer 1

France: best example of absolutism
he said “he WAS the state”
centralized political power into his own hands
built massive palace in Versailles

Question 2

Olaudah Equiano

Answer 2

was kidnapped into slavery young, eventually bought his freedom in 1766
then became a writer for the British abolishment movement

Question 3

“Colombian Exchange”

Answer 3

exchange of plant, germ, people, goods and animals within the new world and other nations

Question 4

criollos

Answer 4

of European Blood but born in colonies

Question 5

Encomienda

Answer 5

a Spanish installation to pay off people with chucks of land with the individuals on it (no people on the land= useless)

Question 6

Galileo

Answer 6

made observation w/telescope to Copernicus theory of the earth revolving around the sun
separation of religion and philosophy

Question 7

“Triangular Trade”

Answer 7

slaves to America
sugar to Europe
manufactured goods to Africa

Question 8

Serfdom

Answer 8

peasants bound TO soil
(Serf not sold individually)
Mainly in Russia 1700s plus eastern Europe

Question 9

Kingdom of Kongo

Answer 9

city in africa
large part of the alantic slave
used slaves as currency

Question 10

Matteo Ricci

Answer 10

Italian
Jesuit
tried to convert the emperor in hopes the peasants would follow

Question 11

nation-state

Answer 11

a political unit dominated by ONE nation

Question 12

capitalism

Answer 12

an economic system wherein “means of production” are privately owned

Question 13

Magellan

Answer 13

Ferdinan achieved the first expedition to circumnavigate the world in 1519

Question 14

English Civil War

Answer 14

parliament vs king
parliament wins execution of king Charles 1 in 1649

Question 15

absolutism

Answer 15

a form of strong central government
seen in 17th-18th century
absolute power over ALL estates
(Power from God “divine Right”)

Question 16

Martin Luther

Answer 16

16th century
reformation started in 1517 by Martin
DID NOT intend to split the church into protestant and Catholics
almost dies due to the catholic church and the pope condemned him
his German ruler protected him

Question 17

Alantic Slave Trade

Answer 17

high point: 18th century
originated in 16th century
THINK TO THE NEW WORLD (Caribbeans, the Americans, ect..)
SOLE purpose is to make money
needed free labor for the sugar, tabacoo and cotton market

Question 18

Catherine the Great

Answer 18

1762-1796 (reign)
German princess
ambitious, well educated, intelligent
continued Peters Europeanization
- opens schools universities, built palaces, wrote plays/satires about herself-
expanded Russia, strengthened serfdom

Question 19

Peter the Great

Answer 19

(1672-1725) reigned from 1682-1725
freakishly tall, intelligent, impatient, NOT well educated
Goal: make Russia European
Made Russian an European Power, brought European culture and technology to Russia as well as suffering to his people, tax burden, hungry peasants ect.

Question 20

ottaman empire

Answer 20

14th to 20th century “longest”
historical ties found in Istabul today
Mechnet II “faith” ( 1432-1481)
Suleyman “the magnificent” (1520-1566)
Osmen-founder
3 main battles- Battle of Kossavo
Taking constintople
siege of vienna

Question 21

mughal empire

Answer 21

16th to 19th century
located in present-day India
sunni but had muslim rulers
Perduh (men and woment seperate)
Female children underrated
Sati(hindu)- funeral prye windows set on fire for husbands
Decline: 18th century
due to the seven years war

Question 22

Akbar

Answer 22

Munghal emire great leader
1546-1605
muslim ruler over non muslims people

Question 23

Suleyman

Answer 23

Ottaman empire
reigned 1520-1566
“the magnigicent”

Question 24

seven years war

Answer 24

1756-1763
mid 18th century
fought primarily in europe, the americas, asia-pacific
winners: “rise of Europe”
losers: native people of americas slaves

Question 25

Bartolome de la cases

Answer 25

Spanish priest
protest Spanish abuse of native Americans
advocates for Africans to be the slaves
he later regrets that decision

Question 26

Zheng He Expeditons

Answer 26

1405-1433
visited southwest Asia, spice islands, Africa, Dubai
voyages ended due to new emperor being content w/what they had

Question 27

Ming Dynasty

Answer 27

1368 -1644
founded the Zheng He expedition until 1433 started 1405
these people where content and wanted NOTHING to do with the outside world
followed by the Qing Dynasty

Question 28

Tokugawa Shotgunate

Answer 28

established by Tokugawa Levasu after civil wars of the Sengoku period
military government (1603-1868)

Question 29

Safavid Empire

Answer 29

16th-18th century
SHI’ITE EMPIRE
founded by Safviad in 1502
capital Isfaham
sexually defined roles in society
warrior society
end 1732

Question 30

Romanov Dynasty

Answer 30

the LAST imperial dynasty to rule russia
includes both Peter the Great and Catherine the Great

Question 31

Muscovy

Answer 31

before Peter made “Russian empire” it was referred to as this

Question 32

Catholic Reformation

Answer 32

“counter reformation” as protestants referred to it
had a council placed in Trent to heal breach of reformation
DID NOT HEAL but did reform the catholic church
also had the Society of Jesus or Jesuits aimed to use education to bring protestant to catholic church

Question 33

Scholar-Gentry

Answer 33

Ming Dynasty 1368-1644
happened after the “examination system” as a way to get local power