Exam IV Flashcards
Severity of Intellectual Disability Levels
Mild- most common, 85%, Moderate, Severe, Profound
I.Q. tests determined:
level of severity of ID in DSM IV
Levels of functioning determine:
level of severity of ID in DSM 5
How to find IQ
Chronological Age/Intellectual Age x 100
Down Syndrome
A genetic abnormality, trisonomy 23, greater risk if mother is over 35 while pregnant, comes with health issues and intellectual impairment.
Recessive Gene Disorders with Intellectual Disability
Fragile X, Teysachs
FAS
The most preventable diagnosis with intellectual disability, usually have the same physical appearance, can have emotional issues.
FAS
The most preventable diagnosis with intellectual disability, usually have the same physical appearance, can have emotional issues.
Mainstreaming
Putting kids who are normally in a specialized classroom into a general education classroom for at least part of their day.
Learning Disorder
A disorder in reading, math, or written expression that is not due to an intellectual disability.
Stereotypic Movement Disorder
Non-functional and repetitive movement in toddlers. May be caused by headbanging, toddlers can outgrow this.
Tourette’s Disorder
Multiple motor or vocal tics for at least a year, not always corprolalia, can be comorbid with ADHD, Genetic.
ASD
4 disorders combined to make ASD, deficits in social interaction, communication and language. Can have strong skills in one area, more males.
ASD
4 disorders combined to make ASD, deficits in social interaction, communication and language. Can have strong skills in one area, more males. Medications, behavioral therapy.
ADHD
Inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity before age 12. Leading reason- mental health referral, kids can outgrow it. can be genetic or caused by reduced activity in parts of the brain, can be treated with medications or behavioral therapy.
Anorexia Nervosa
Restricted caloric intake to not maintain body weight, intense fear of gaining weight, can also binge and purge, BMI 17 or under, preoccupied with food, treated with individual or family therapy, weighing.
Bulimia Nervosa
More common than anorexia, binging and purging, can cause tooth decay, heart arrhythmia, more than 1 time a week, large amounts of food at one time
Binge Eating Disorder
Intake of large amounts of calories without purging. Tied to emotional eating, can start in adulthood. CBT and anti-depressants.
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Does not eat enough to have nutritional needs met, no relationship to body image, replaced feeding disorder in DSM IV.
Pica
Eating non-foodat least once a month, may have intellectual disability, iron deficiency, OCD or an idiopathic.
Pica
Eating non-foodat least once a month, may have intellectual disability, iron deficiency, OCD or an idiopathic.
Insomnia
Difficulty falling or staying asleep, causes fatigue, Can be episodic or persistant, causes psychological distress, treated with melatonin, behavioral therapy or benzodiazapines
Hypersomnolence Disorder
Sufficient sleep with excessive tiredness, usually between 15 and 30. Can be Kline Levin syndrome. Comorbid with depression.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
A cease in breathing during sleep caused by a blockage of the airway.
Restless Leg Syndrome
Persistant urge to move legs, 3 times a week for 3 months, can be more prevalant in pregnant females.
Encopresis
Frequent passage of feces in inappropriate areas.
Enuresis
Urinating on bed or clothes, Not only at night, but also in the daytime. Usually resolved by adolescence. Behavioral modifications and classical conditioning
Sleep Disturbance
Because of a mismatch between sleep-wake cycle and a person’s schedule.
Delirium
Change of consciousness, disorientation, memory, hallucinations and reduced attention, most develop at the end of life, higher risk are children with illness, advanced age, males or those exposed to toxins.
Neglect Syndrome
After damage to one hemisphere of the brain, an inability of a person to perceive stimuli on one side of the body or environment not due to lack of sensation.
Wernicke’s and Broca’s Area
Two parts of the cerebral cortex linked to speech. Involved in the production of written or spoken language.
Polypharmacy
Not looking at the specific mix of drugs a client is given from different physicians.
Agnosia
Lack of recognition
Dementia
Cognitive decline in one or more areas of cognitive function, can have aphasia, agnosia, apraxia, disturbances in executive functioning, minor declines in all areas with a gradual onset.
Perceptual-Motor Activities
Allow sensory information to be successfully obtained and understood with appropriate reaction.
Executive Function
Management of cognitive functions.
Alzheimer’s Disease
Progressive and irreversible disease with a clear decline in memory and learning, steady decline without plateaus, and no other condition.
Brain lesions and Alzheimers
Studies have shown that brain lesions may lead to Alzheimer’s disease.
Substance abuse amnestic disorder
Comes after intoxication and withdrawal, can cause anterograde or retrograde amnesia, confabulation or perseveration.
Anterograde Amnesia
Inhibits ability to remember new information.
Anterograde Amnesia
Inhibits ability to remember new information.
Retrograde amnesia
inhibits ability to remember old information.
Confabulation
Filling in fake details
Perseveration
Repeating something verbally.
Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder
Can be due to stroke, symptoms like Alzheimers with a wide variety of symptoms
Parkinson’s Disease
Degeneration and involuntary physical movements caused by a destruction of dopamine
Nurse Practitioners
Have an MSN (masters of science in nursing), can prescribe under supervision, usually in-patient services
Competency
Mental ability to handle legal affairs, assumed competent until proven otherwise, must be able to understand charges, understand seriousness, and able to assist with attourney.
Jackson vs. Indiana (1972)
Can’t hold off trial indefinitely for testing of competency.
David Burkowietz Case
Was found to be faking insanity. Son of Sam killer.
Sanity
How responsible were the convicted for their action and how sane were they at the time of the crime. Do they understand that the act was wrong and can they control their conduct?
Involuntary Commitment
Must be a danger to themselves or others, 90% aren’t violent, the length ranges from days to a week.
Rights of those involuntarily committed
Right to treatment, Least restrictive treatment, can refuse certain forms of treatment for reasons.
Civil Commitment Hearing
A testimony of an evaluation of the mental status of the committed. Allow for a short duration of hospitalization, evaluation is then presented in court.
Psychologists’ Ethical Principals
Confidentiality, Duty to Warn, Reporting abuse
Tarasoff
Helped get ‘Duty to Warn’ in the public eye. Man was stalking a woman, mentioned her by name to her therapist, she wasn’t warned and was killed.
Confidentiality
Not to discuss the content of counseling sessions, except when a patient releases info in writing, suspected elder abuse or child abuse, harm to self or others.
