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Microbiology > Exam III Session 14 > Flashcards

Exam III Session 14 Flashcards

1
Q

What kingdoms contain human parasites?

A

protozoa, fungi, anamlia, chromista

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2
Q

How do protozoa survive harsh environmental conditions?

A

by forming cysts

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3
Q

What are trophozoites?

A

the active feeding form of protozoa

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4
Q

How do parasites evade the immune system?

A

antigenic shift
host mimicry
masking - acquiring host molecules as a disguise
intracellular location

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5
Q

How do helminthes evade the immune system?

A

antigenic shift
host mimicry
masking - acquiring host molecules as a disguise
proteinases that break down defenses like antibodies

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6
Q

Are protozoan and helminthes parasites exogenous or endogenous?

A

Exogenous, not apart of normal flora

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7
Q

What disease is caused by Trichomonas vaginalis? Treatment?

A

STD that survives in the oral cavity

treat with metronidazole

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8
Q

What disease is caused by Toxoplasma gondii? What is a common source?

A

toxoplasmosis - flu-like symptoms, if immunosuppressed can cause encephalitis
pregnant women risk abortion, stillbirth, or neurological problems in the baby
common source in the cat litter box

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9
Q

What disease is caused Giardia lamblia? What is a common source?

A

beaver fever, diarrhea

mountain streams is a common source

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10
Q

What disease is caused by Entamoeba histolytica?

A

amoeba that infects large intestine causing diarrhea
can exist in oral cavity
can spread to liver, lung, or brain if immunosuppressed

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11
Q

What disease is caused by Plasmodium? What is the vector?

A

malaria

mosquito

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12
Q

What disease is caused by Blantidium coli? What is the reservoir?

A

bloody diarrhea

pig

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13
Q

What disease is caused by Blantidium coli? What is the reservoir?

A

bloody diarrhea

pig

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14
Q

What disease is caused by trypansoma?

A

sleeping sickness

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15
Q

What disease is caused by Leishmania?

A

visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis

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16
Q

What lab test indicates a multicellular parasite infection?

A

elevated eosinophil count

17
Q

How are helminthes classified? What are the classifications?

A

by shape
crestodes - tape worms, long, flat, segmented
trematodes - flukes, flat and nonsegmented
nematodes - round worms, large, non-segmented

18
Q

What is the classification of Taenia? Identifying features?

A

crestode
hooks and suckers
body is a series of proglottoids (egg cases)

19
Q

Which animal is required for the Schistosoma mansoni life cycle?

A

snail

20
Q

How do Schistomsomes evade the host immune system and establish long term infection?

A

worm is covered in self so the immune system doesn’t see it

21
Q

What disease does Ascaris cause? What is it’s classification?

A

round worm
intestinal distress
symptoms depend on stage of infection- asthma/pneumonia, GI perforation or obstruction, liver or gallbladder damage

22
Q

How is an Ascaris infection diagnosed?

A

eggs in fecal smear or symptoms of trouble or the worm passes

23
Q

How is an Ascaris infection treated?

A

albendazole

24
Q

What disease is caused by Necator americanus? What is its classification?

A

hookworm
larvae penetrates skin and enters circulation
ends up in lungs and is coughed up, then swallowed
adults develop in intestines

25
Q

How is a Necator americanus infection diagnosed?

A

eggs in samples

26
Q

How is a Necator americanus infection treated?

A

albedazole

27
Q

What disease is caused by Trichuris? What is it’s classification? Treatment?

A 
whipworms
eggs hatch in small intestine
female lays eggs that pass in feces
severe infection causes abdominal pain and distention, bloody diarrhea, and weight loss
treat with abdenazole
28
Q

What disease is caused by Enterobius vermicularis? What is it’s classification? How is it diagnosed? Treatment?

A 
pinworms 
fecal oral spread or egg ingested from hand, clothes, etc.
larvae enter small and large intestine
female exits anus to lay eggs nightly
treat with abdenazole
high cure rate but reinfection common
29
Q

What disease is caused by Trichinella spiralis? What is a common source? Diagnosis? Treatment?

A

lives in intestinal mucosa
larvae in striated muscle, dies, and is calcified
minimal or no symptoms
may have neurological symptoms
diagnosis when there is an outbreak - eosinophilia and antibody titer up for years
can treat symptoms and adult worms with mebendazole
undercooked pork/game meat

30
Q

What is the role of arthropods in infectious disease?

A

many are vectors or intermediate hosts

31
Q

What are some arthropods that are true parasites?

A

lice, scabies, mites, and maggots

32
Q

What disease is caused by S. scabiei?

A

aka mites
scabies, mange, or the itch
burrow under epidermis and cause intense itching

Microbiology (5 decks)

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