exam ii: ch15 - anxiety and ocd Flashcards
what is the most basic human emotion?
anxiety
apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or dread from real or perceived threat
anxiety
what are the benefits of normal anxiety?
- necessary for survival
- carry out tasks for living
- achieve goals
Is an emotional reaction to a specific danger
fear
who came up with the different levels of anxiety
hildegard peplau
why is it important to find out the level of anxiety severity
find out appropriate interventions
name that anxiety level
normal experience of everyday living; reality perceived in sharp focus, increased motivation
- Enhanced learning and optimal functioning
- Sharp senses and increased motivation
- Grasps more information effectively
- Heightened awareness
mild anxiety
name that anxiety level
perceptual field narrows; selective inattention, agitation, muscle tightness
- Narrowed perceptual field
- Selective inattention
- Decreased concentration and problem solving
- Sympathetic nervous system symptoms begin
- Muscular tension and restlessness
moderate anxiety
name that anxiety level
perceptual field greatly reduced, ritualistic behavior, marked distress
- Perceptual field greatly reduced
- Difficulty concentrating on environment
- Severe cognitive impairment
- Confused and automatic behavior
- Somatic symptoms increase
severe anxiety
name that anxiety level
most extreme; markedly disturbed behavior, distorted perception, loss of rational thought, immobility, often out of touch with reality
- Markedly disturbed behavior—running, shouting, screaming, pacing
- Unable to process reality; impulsivity
- Tendency to misperceive environment
- Complete loss of focus, NOT SAFE
panic anxiety
can you leave a person alone with panic anxiety?
no
strengthening one to hide another
compensation
refuse to face a negative behavior
denial
take it out on someone else
displacement
attach to something positive
identification
conform feelings for approval
introjection
see your faults in others
projection
excuse and justify mistakes
rationalization
pretend you are different than what you truly feel
reaction formation
acting younger to feel better
regression
putting things into darkness
repression
override negative with habit
ritual and undoing
divert negative ito acceptable
sublimation
anxiety type:
⇒ Developmentally inappropriate levels of concern over being away from a significant other to whom they are attached
- dx <18yrs after 1 month symptoms
separation anxiety
anxiety type:
abrupt surge of extreme apprehension/fear, feelings of impending doom
- peak within minutes
- persistent concern OR significant maladaptive change in behavior
panic disorder/panic attacks
anxiety type:
fear about being in a wide range of places/situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing
- avoiding = debilitating life constriction
agoraphobia
anxiety type:
persistent irrational fear of specific object, activity, or situation that leads to a desire for avoidance
- dogs, spiders, heights, storms, water, blood, closed spaces
specific phobia
anxiety type:
severe anxiety/fear provoked by exposure to a social situation that will be seen negatively by others
- scared to say something stupid
- fear of public speaking
social anxiety disorder
anxiety type:
excessive anxiety/worry that occurs more days than not
- lasts for >6months
- anticipate disaster, irritable, muscle tension, dec concentration, sleep disturbance
generalized anxiety disorder
Thoughts, impulses, or images that persist and recur, so that they cannot be dismissed from the mind
obsessions
Ritualistic behaviors an individual feels driven to perform and according t rules that must be applied rigidly in an attempt to reduce anxiety
compulsions
ocd type:
preoccupation with 1+ perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance that are NOT observable or slight to others
⇒ skin, acne, scars, hair, body size
body dysmorphia
ocd type:
persistent difficulty discarding/parting with possessions, regardless of actual value
- more common in older populations
hoarding disorder
ocd type:
oldest recorded psych disorder (more common in children), pulling one’s hair until hair loss
- more common F > M
- preceded by emotional state
tricotillomania
ocd type:
recurring skin picking
excoriation disorder
type of theories that = explain that unconscious childhood conflicts are the basis for future development
psychodynamic
theorist who said: threatening repressed ideas/emotions are close to breaking thru from the unconscious mind into the aware and conscious mind
freud
theorist who said: emotional distress when early needs go unmet or disapproval is experienced
sullivan
what is the first line of defense for most anxiety/OCD
antidepressants
what class of antidepressant is 1st line
SSRIs
what drug class has quicker onset than benzodiazepines?
short acting sedative hypnotic sleep agents
disadv of short acting sedative hypnotic sleep agents
unpleasant taste when awaken
what are the criteria to have deep brain stimulation?
add to tx resistant OCD
failed 3 SSRIs
s/s of
- insomnia, irritability, nervousness, dry mouth, convulsions, confusion
withdrawal symptoms of benzos
difference between systematic desensitization and flooding?
SD = gradual introduction to fear object
flooding = exposing large amount of undesirable stimulus
conscious, deliberate effort to avoid painful + anxiety producing memories
suppression
