EXAM I Review Written Questions

Question 1

List 3 ROIs (reactive oxygen intermediates) that might contribute to the destruction of the bacterium by the phagocyte

Answer 1

hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hypochlorous acid (bleach)

Question 2

List 4 degradative enzymes that might contribute to the destruction and digestions of bacterium by the phagocyte

Answer 2

proteases, nucleases, lipases, lysozymes

Question 3

List 3 bacterial molecules that could bind and activate TLRs in the phagocyte

Answer 3

LPS (TLR 4), Flagellin (TLR 5), unmethylated CpG DNA (TLR 9)

Question 4

List 2 “opsonizing” substances that might help the phagocyte to adhere to the bacterium

Answer 4

C3b (CR2) and IgG (FcR)

Question 5

List the 5 signs of inflammation

Answer 5

pain, swelling, redness, loss of function, heat

Question 6

List 4 features or characteristics of a good immunogen

Answer 6

foreignness, high molecular weight, chemical complexity, degenerative protein/peptide substance

Question 7

List 5 processes or features that contribute to BcR diversity in humans

Answer 7

multiple presence of V genes in the germline, VJ & VJD combinatorial association, junctional diversity, combination of light and heavy chains, somatic hypermutation